The first cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in the United States: a serologic investigation demonstrating early transmission.

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
Alicia M FryInfluenza Serology Working Group

Abstract

The first two laboratory-confirmed cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (H1N1pdm09) infection were detected in San Diego (SD) and Imperial County (IC) in southern California, April 2009. To describe H1N1pdm09 infections and transmission early in the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. We identified index case-patients from SD and IC with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed H1N1pdm09 infections and investigated close contacts for a subset of case-patients from April 17-May 6, 2009. Acute and convalescent serum was collected. Serologic evidence for H1N1pdm09 infection was determined by microneutralization and hemagglutination inhibition assays. Among 75 close contacts of seven index case-patients, three reported illness onset prior to patient A or B, including two patient B contacts and a third with no links to patient A or B. Among the 69 close contacts with serum collected >14 days after the onset of index case symptoms, 23 (33%) were seropositive for H1N1pdm09, and 8 (35%) had no fever, cough, or sore throat. Among 15 household contacts, 8 (53%) were seropositive for H1N1pdm09. The proportion of contacts seropositive for H1N1pdm09 was highest in persons aged 5-24 years (50%) and lowest in persons aged ≥ 50 years (13%) (P = 0·...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 2010·The New England Journal of Medicine·Simon CauchemezNeil M Ferguson
Apr 10, 2010·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Lincoln L H LauGabriel M Leung
Apr 15, 2010·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Mark I C ChenYee Sin Leo
Jun 19, 2010·The New England Journal of Medicine·Benjamin J CowlingJoseph S M Peiris
Oct 5, 2010·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Jesse PapenburgGuy Boivin
Oct 27, 2010·PloS One·Don BandaranayakeUNKNOWN 2009 H1N1 Serosurvey Investigation Team

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Citations

Mar 26, 2013·Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease·John NeatherlinDaniel B Fishbein
May 3, 2012·Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses·Karen L LaurieAngus Nicoll
Oct 21, 2017·Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses·Calvin LoMark Loeb
Jun 19, 2015·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·Jose L SanchezCharlotte A Gaydos

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
blood draw
ELISA
PCR
blood draws
serum collection

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