The Follistatin-like Protein 1 Pathway Is Important for Maintaining Healthy Articular Cartilage

ACR Open Rheumatology
Yury ChalyRaphael Hirsch

Abstract

We sought to determine whether follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1), a protein produced by articular chondrocytes, promotes healthy articular cartilage and prevents chondrocytes from undergoing terminal differentiation to hypertrophic cells. In vitro experiments were performed with immortalized human articular chondrocytes. The cells were transduced with a lentivirus encoding human FSTL1 small hairpin RNA or with an adenovirus encoding FSTL1. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used for gene expression analysis. Protein expression was assessed by Western blotting. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to identify interacting partners of FSTL1. FSTL1 expression in human articular cartilage was analyzed using confocal microscopy. Downregulation of FSTL1 expression in transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-stimulated chondrocyte pellet cultures led to chondrocyte terminal differentiation characterized by poor production of cartilage extracellular matrix and altered expression of genes and proteins involved in cartilage homeostasis, including MMP13, COL10A1, RUNX2, COL2A1, ACAN, Sox9, and phospho-Smad3. We also showed that FSTL1 interacts with TGFβ receptor proteins, Alk1 and endoglin, suggesting a potential mechanism for its effects...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1995·Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·G D WalkerT R Oegema
Jul 1, 1996·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·M Nurminskaya, T F Linsenmayer
Mar 1, 1997·Journal of Virology·S HardyM L Phipps
Apr 1, 1997·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·R C BillinghurstA R Poole
Sep 29, 1998·Arthritis and Rheumatism·S HashimotoM Lotz
Jan 28, 1999·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·K OkabayashiM Asashima
Jan 22, 2000·Arthritis and Rheumatism·B V ShlopovK A Hasty
Jan 26, 2000·Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·J AlvarezJ M López
Oct 30, 2001·Osteoarthritis and Cartilage·V LefebvreB de Crombrugghe
Jan 31, 2002·The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences·James A MartinJoseph A Buckwalter
Jan 1, 2004·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Harald O HambrockUrsula Hartmann
Jul 16, 2004·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·Jesus Alvarez, Rosa Serra
Nov 27, 2004·Osteoarthritis and Cartilage·Xibin WangGlen H Nuckolls
Aug 8, 2006·Developmental Biology·Sophie Dal-PraChristine Thisse
Nov 28, 2008·Arthritis and Rheumatism·Naoshi FukuiShiro Ikegawa
Dec 26, 2008·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Suzanne D ClutterRaphael Hirsch
Jul 31, 2010·International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology·Shawn P Grogan, Darryl D D'Lima
Oct 1, 2010·Osteoarthritis and Cartilage·N SchmitzT Aigner
Apr 13, 2011·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Yan GengWen Ning
Aug 10, 2011·PloS One·Marc SylvaMaurice J B van den Hoff
Oct 19, 2011·Arthritis and Rheumatism·Yury ChalyRaphael Hirsch
Dec 20, 2011·Osteoarthritis and Cartilage·P M van der Kraan, W B van den Berg
Dec 1, 2012·Osteoarthritis and Cartilage·F Berenbaum
May 20, 2014·Immunologic Research·Yury ChalyRaphael Hirsch
Aug 20, 2015·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Leilei ZhongJanine N Post
Jun 28, 2016·Journal of Developmental Biology·Hemanth Akkiraju, Anja Nohe

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Aug 28, 2021·Biomedicines·Olga K ParfenovaDmitry V Grishin

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
confocal microscopy

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
GraphPad Prism
GraphPad
Multi Gauge

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.