The gene regulatory system for specifying germ layers in early embryos of the simple chordate.

Science Advances
Miki TokuokaYutaka Satou

Abstract

In animal embryos, gene regulatory networks control the dynamics of gene expression in cells and coordinate such dynamics among cells. In ascidian embryos, gene expression dynamics have been dissected at the single-cell resolution. Here, we revealed mathematical functions that represent the regulatory logics of all regulatory genes expressed at the 32-cell stage when the germ layers are largely specified. These functions collectively explain the entire mechanism by which gene expression dynamics are controlled coordinately in early embryos. We found that regulatory functions for genes expressed in each of the specific lineages contain a common core regulatory mechanism. Last, we showed that the expression of the regulatory genes became reproducible by calculation and controllable by experimental manipulations. Thus, these regulatory functions represent an architectural design for the germ layer specification of this chordate and provide a platform for simulations and experiments to understand the operating principles of gene regulatory networks.

References

Sep 24, 2004·Developmental Biology·Kasumi YagiYutaka Satou
May 18, 2006·Development Genes and Evolution·Chiharu AnnoShigeki Fujiwara
May 27, 2006·Science·Kaoru S ImaiYutaka Satou
May 23, 2007·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Luigi CaputiPaolo Sordino
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Aug 29, 2012·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Isabelle S PeterEric H Davidson
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Mar 10, 2015·Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences·Yutaka Satou, Kaoru S Imai

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