PMID: 9554930May 30, 1998Paper

The generation of proton electrochemical potential gradient by cytochrome c oxidase

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
H Rottenberg

Abstract

Cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase of mitochondria and some bacteria, catalyzes the four electron reduction of oxygen, and generates a proton electrochemical potential gradient (Delta microH). The recently determined structures of the bacterial and the bovine enzymes, together with studies of site directed mutants of a bacterial cytochrome c oxidase and a closely related ubiquinol oxidase, have greatly advanced our understanding of the mechanism by which oxygen reduction is coupled to the generation of Delta microH. Two different mechanisms contribute to the generation of Delta microH: protons that are consumed by the reduction of oxygen, are taken exclusively from the mitochondrial matrix ('consumed' protons), while other protons are translocated by the enzyme across the membrane ('pumped' protons). It is suggested that both proton consumption and proton pumping are driven by the electrostatic charging of the enzyme reaction center by the reducing electrons. Proton consumption is suggested to result from the electrostatically driven ejection of hydroxyls into the matrix that is catalyzed by a tyrosine residue in the reaction center. Proton pumping is suggested to result from the electrostatically driven translocation o...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 19, 2013·Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·Peter R Rich, Amandine Maréchal
Sep 27, 2000·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·M WikströmM I Verkhovsky
Aug 7, 1998·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·M KarpeforsP Brzezinski
Aug 31, 2016·Topics in Current Chemistry·David C MillerRobert R Knowles
Mar 29, 2003·Physiological Reviews·Thomas E Decoursey

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