The germline of the malaria mosquito produces abundant miRNAs, endo-siRNAs, piRNAs and 29-nt small RNAs

BMC Genomics
Leandro CastellanoTony Nolan

Abstract

Small RNAs include different classes essential for endogenous gene regulation and cellular defence against genomic parasites. However, a comprehensive analysis of the small RNA pathways in the germline of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae has never been performed despite their potential relevance to reproductive capacity in this malaria vector. We performed small RNA deep sequencing during larval and adult gonadogenesis and find that they predominantly express four classes of regulatory small RNAs. We identified 45 novel miRNA precursors some of which were sex-biased and gonad-enriched , nearly doubling the number of previously known miRNA loci. We also determine multiple genomic clusters of 24-30 nt Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) that map to transposable elements (TEs) and 3'UTR of protein coding genes. Unusually, many TEs and the 3'UTR of some endogenous genes produce an abundant peak of 29-nt small RNAs with piRNA-like characteristics. Moreover, both sense and antisense piRNAs from TEs in both Anopheles gambiae and Drosophila melanogaster reveal novel features of piRNA sequence bias. We also discovered endogenous small interfering RNAs (endo-siRNAs) that map to overlapping transcripts and TEs. This is the first description of t...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 14, 2016·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA·Eric Roberto Guimarães Rocha AguiarJoão Trindade Marques
Oct 1, 2016·Parasites & Vectors·Peiwen LiuXiao-Guang Chen
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May 23, 2021·Scientific Reports·Iram Pablo Rodríguez-SanchezGustavo Ponce-Garcia
Jul 9, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Tie-Long XuBin Zheng

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
GSE11086
PRJEB7896

Methods Mentioned

BETA
dissecting
PCR

Software Mentioned

GENE
UEA small RNA Workbench
RepeatMasker script
mIRDeep
miRDeep2
DESeq
Bowtie
WebLogo
pLogo
SiLoCo

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