The Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) study: design and baseline data of a randomized trial of Ginkgo biloba extract in prevention of dementia

Contemporary Clinical Trials
Steven T DeKoskyGEMS Investigators

Abstract

The epidemic of late life dementia, prominence of use of alternative medications and supplements, and initiation of efforts to determine how to prevent dementia have led to efforts to conduct studies aimed at prevention of dementia. The GEM (Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory) study was initially designed as a 5-year, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of Ginkgo biloba, administered in a dose of 120 mg twice per day as EGb761, in the prevention of dementia (and especially Alzheimer's disease) in normal elderly or those with mild cognitive impairment. The study anticipates 8.5 years of participant follow-up. Initial power calculations based on estimates of incidence rates of dementia in the target population (age 75+) led to a 3000-person study, which was successfully recruited at four clinical sites around the United States from September 2000 to June 2002. Primary outcome is incidence of all-cause dementia; secondary outcomes include rate of cognitive and functional decline, the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, and mortality. Following screening to exclude participants with incident dementia at baseline, an extensive neuropsychological assessment was performed and participants were randomly assig...Continue Reading

Associated Clinical Trials

References

Feb 1, 1988·The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science·A F Jorm, A E Korten
Sep 1, 1994·Archives of Neurology·C KawasL J Thal
Mar 12, 1997·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·D A SnowdonW R Markesbery
Apr 10, 1997·The New England Journal of Medicine·M Rosenblatt, J Mindel
Dec 24, 1997·Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology·X ChenT J Lee
Apr 6, 1999·Archives of Neurology·R C PetersenE Kokmen
Jun 8, 2001·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·C M WatanabeK Gohil
Jul 13, 2001·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·M K Ang-LeeC S Yuan
Dec 21, 2002·Basic Research in Cardiology·Gilles RioufolMichel Ovize
Feb 5, 2003·Neuroepidemiology·Oscar L LopezNorman Beauchamp
Aug 9, 2003·Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery·Ronald C Petersen
May 5, 2004·Archives of General Psychiatry·Ara S KhachaturianUNKNOWN Cache County Study Investigators
Jun 15, 2004·Neurobiology of Disease·Francesca ColciaghiMonica Di Luca
Aug 7, 2004·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·Shih-Yi HuangDer-Zen Liu
Sep 5, 2006·Contemporary Clinical Trials·Annette L FitzpatrickUNKNOWN GEM Study Investigators

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 20, 2008·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Steven T DeKoskyUNKNOWN Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) Study Investigators
Dec 31, 2009·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Beth E SnitzUNKNOWN Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) Study Investigators
Jan 1, 2008·The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging·J D WilliamsonS T Dekosky
Apr 7, 2009·Aging & Mental Health·Beth E SnitzUNKNOWN GEM study Investigators
Sep 10, 2008·Epidemiologic Reviews·Nicola ColeyAlain Grand
Nov 15, 2007·The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences·Annette L FitzpatrickUNKNOWN Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) Study Investigators
Sep 12, 2008·The Neurologist·Brendan J Kelley, David S Knopman
Mar 13, 2009·Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry·J SaxtonUNKNOWN GEM Study Investigators
Feb 4, 2010·Circulation. Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes·Lewis H KullerUNKNOWN Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study Investigators
May 26, 2010·Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury·Xiao ChengLi-Hua Zhou
Mar 26, 2010·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Johanna Dwyer, Maria DeTolve Donoghue
Jul 1, 2011·Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice·M Obulesu, Dowlathabad Muralidhara Rao
Aug 19, 2014·Neural Regeneration Research·Aparna Raghavan, Zahoor A Shah
Dec 20, 2007·International Review of Psychiatry·C A SzekelyP P Zandi
Jul 1, 2008·Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery·Roy YaariPierre N Tariot
Nov 26, 2015·NeuroImage. Clinical·A E GoodheartA D Cohen
Jan 26, 2013·Progress in Neurobiology·Kevin R PetersJudy Illes
Oct 20, 2012·The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry : Official Journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry·Ilan Dar-NimrodPaul R Duberstein
Apr 3, 2012·Alzheimer's & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association·Sevil YasarUNKNOWN Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) Study Investigators
Jan 18, 2011·Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association·Kerstin BettermannGregory L Burke
Nov 28, 2015·Contemporary Clinical Trials·Anne B NewmanWilliam Weintraub
Dec 26, 2013·Critical Care Medicine·Judith A TateUNKNOWN GEM Study Investigators
Aug 1, 2008·Lancet Neurology·Raj N KalariaUNKNOWN World Federation of Neurology Dementia Research Group
May 17, 2008·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Joshua A SonnenThomas J Montine
Jul 22, 2008·Alzheimer's & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association·Lon S Schneider
Dec 25, 2007·Journal of Psychiatric Research·Imrich BlaskoPeter Fischer
Oct 1, 2007·Alzheimer's & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association·Paul S Aisen
Jul 21, 2007·Neurobiology of Aging·Ottavio VitoloMichael Shelanski
Apr 19, 2013·Annals of Neurology·Chester A MathisOscar L Lopez
Jan 14, 2011·British Journal of Health Psychology·Anthony JerantPeter Franks
Oct 9, 2012·International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry·Ilan Dar-NimrodPaul R Duberstein
Jun 29, 2010·Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety·Mary L BiggsAnnette L Fitzpatrick
Aug 28, 2015·Journal of the American Geriatrics Society·Kathryn E CallahanJeff D Williamson
Sep 19, 2006·Journal of the American Medical Directors Association·Manju T Beier
Sep 5, 2006·Contemporary Clinical Trials·Annette L FitzpatrickUNKNOWN GEM Study Investigators
Nov 10, 2013·Neurobiology of Aging·Timothy M HughesLewis H Kuller

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Alzheimer's Disease: APOE

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphic alleles are major genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. Discover the latest research on APOE and other genetic determinants of Alzheimer's disease here.

Cardiovascular Disease Pathophysiology

Cardiovascular disease involves several different processes that contribute to the pathological mechanism, including hyperglycemia, inflammation, atherosclerosis, hypertension and more. Vasculature stability plays a critical role in the development of the disease. Discover the latest research on cardiovascular disease pathophysiology here.

Alzheimer's Disease: Neuroimaging

Neuroimaging can help identify pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here is the latest research on neuroimaging modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography, in AD.

ApoE Phenotypes

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a protein involved in fat metabolism and associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and cardiovascular disease. Here is the latest research on APOE phenotypes.

Epidemiology of Aging

This feed focuses on epidemiology of aging and aging-related conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, and age-associated cognitive impairment. Here is the latest research.

Alzheimer's Disease: Amyloid Beta

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease associated with the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain; these plaques are comprised of amyloid beta deposits. Here is the latest research in this field.

Aging Epidemiology

This feed focuses on epidemiology of aging and aging-related conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, and age-associated cognitive impairment. Here is the latest research.