The gist and details of sex differences in cognition and the brain: How parallels in sex differences across domains are shaped by the locus coeruleus and catecholamine systems

Progress in Neurobiology
Alexandra Ycaza HerreraMara Mather

Abstract

Across three different domains, there are similar sex differences in how men and women process information. There tends to be a male advantage in attending to and remembering the gist (essential central information of a scene or situation), but a female advantage in attending to and remembering the details (non-essential peripheral information of a scene or situation). This is seen in emotional memory, where emotion enhances gist memory more for males than for females, but enhances detail memory more for females than for males. It also occurs in spatial memory, where men tend to notice and remember the gist of where they or objects are in space, allowing them to more flexibly manipulate themselves or objects within that space, whereas women tend to recall the details of the space around them, allowing them to accurately remember the locations of objects. Finally, such sex differences have also been noted in perception of stimuli such that men attend to global aspects of stimuli (such as a large letter E) more than women, whereas women attend more to the local aspects (such as the many smaller letter Ts making up the E). We review the parallel sex differences seen across these domains in this paper and how they relate to the dif...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 6, 2020·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Vikki HoughtonSandrine Thuret
Aug 10, 2020·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Verónica Mäki-MarttunenThomas Espeseth
Feb 14, 2021·Alzheimer's & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association·Jeremy A ElmanWilliam S Kremen
Apr 13, 2021·Frontiers in Psychology·Andrea Álvarez-San MillánEla I Olivares
Jun 20, 2021·Psychological Research·Andrea Álvarez-San MillánEla I Olivares
Jul 8, 2021·The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences·Alexander L M Siegel, Teal S Eich

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