The glutamine commute: lost in the tube?

Neurochemistry International
Fiorenzo Conti, Marcello Melone

Abstract

The "glutamate-glutamine" cycle appears to have an important, albeit not exclusive role, in the recycling of glutamate (Glu) between neurons and astrocytes. Recent studies show that the efflux of glutamine (Gln) from astrocytes is mediated by SNAT3 (formerly SN1), a system N amino acid transporter localized to perisynaptic astrocytes, whereas its influx into neurons is thought to be mediated by transporters of the system A family, specifically SNAT1 and SNAT2. However, the results of our confocal and electron microscopy immunocytochemical studies of the localization of these transporters in the cerebral cortex show that SNAT1 and SNAT2 are robustly expressed in the somatodendritic domain of cortical neurons, but rarely to axon terminals. To rule out a possible influence of fixation and procedural variables on detection of SNAT1 and SNAT2 immunoreactivity in axon terminals, we used non-conventional immunocytochemical methods, which, in certain cases, improve antigen detection. Though evidencing a slightly increased percentage of axon terminals expressing the two transporters, these techniques demonstrated that SNAT1 and SNAT2 are indeed rarely localized to axon terminals. Our data thus suggest that neither SNAT1 nor SNAT2 meet t...Continue Reading

References

Mar 25, 1977·Science·A Martinez-HernandezM D Norenberg
Jun 1, 1978·Journal of Neurochemistry·H F BradfordA J Thomas
Jan 1, 1990·Progress in Neurobiology·M Erecińska, I A Silver
Jun 1, 1985·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·R JahnP Greengard
Nov 1, 1983·Journal of Neurochemistry·A C YuA Schousboe
Jun 1, 1994·The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry : Official Journal of the Histochemistry Society·F Conti, A Minelli
Sep 1, 1994·Neuron·J D RothsteinR W Kuncl
Jan 1, 1995·Developmental Neuroscience·N WestergaardA Schousboe
Sep 11, 1999·Trends in Neurosciences·F Conti, R J Weinberg
Feb 8, 2000·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·H VaroquiJ D Erickson
May 17, 2000·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·D YaoJ D Erickson
Jun 22, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·R J ReimerR H Edwards
Oct 13, 2000·The European Journal of Neuroscience·J G ValtschanoffR J Weinberg
Mar 22, 2001·Journal of Neurochemistry·E LiethS M Hutson
May 2, 2001·Journal of Neurochemistry·S Bröer, N Brookes
May 23, 2001·Progress in Neurobiology·N C Danbolt
Nov 3, 2001·Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology·A AlbersS Bröer
Jun 13, 2002·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Jean-Luc BoullandFarrukh A Chaudhry
May 14, 2003·Neurochemistry International·A SchousboeHelle S Waagepetersen
Jul 8, 2003·Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology·Bryan Mackenzie, Jeffrey D Erickson
Oct 15, 2003·Neuron·Morgan Sheng
Jun 24, 2004·Brain Research. Brain Research Reviews·Fiorenzo ContiMarcello Melone
Nov 25, 2004·Neuroscience·I M González-GonzálezF Zafra
Oct 18, 2005·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·Marcello MeloneRichard J Weinberg

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 7, 2013·Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology·Stefan Bröer
Apr 18, 2008·Journal of Molecular Neuroscience : MN·Björn E SundbergRobert Fredriksson
Oct 25, 2011·Neuron Glia Biology·Jan AlbrechtMichael Aschner
Apr 23, 2011·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Maria G A HägglundRobert Fredriksson
Jan 17, 2009·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Kimberly A Zaia, Richard J Reimer
Jan 29, 2010·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Hiroaki TaniRichard J Reimer
Mar 1, 2014·Journal of Neural Transmission·Y Zhou, N C Danbolt
Jul 2, 2011·International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience·Angelina RodríguezGarcía-Alcocer María Guadalupe
Dec 3, 2014·Journal of Molecular Biology·Maria G A HägglundRobert Fredriksson
Aug 23, 2008·Glia·Marcello MeloneFiorenzo Conti
Nov 15, 2013·Journal of Neurochemistry·Lars Petter BjørnsenUrsula Sonnewald
Feb 5, 2015·Journal of Neuroscience Research·Mari-Carmen MarxBrian Billups
May 29, 2016·Neurochemistry International·N C DanboltY Zhou
Jul 1, 2016·Channels·Isabel Rubio-Aliaga, Carsten A Wagner
May 6, 2019·Cerebral Cortex·Tayyaba QureshiFarrukh Abbas Chaudhry
Dec 18, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Rekha TripathiSonchita Bagchi
Jun 1, 2020·Molecular Neurobiology·Nicolas PietrancostaJeffrey D Erickson
Feb 16, 2021·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Ilhuicamina Daniel LimónAleidy Patricio-Martínez
Jan 29, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Nikhil R GandasiSonchita Bagchi
Aug 8, 2020·Neurochemistry International·Yun ZhouNiels Christian Danbolt
Jul 18, 2021·Neuropharmacology·Jens V AndersenBlanca I Aldana

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Astrocytes

Astrocytes are glial cells that support the blood-brain barrier, facilitate neurotransmission, provide nutrients to neurons, and help repair damaged nervous tissues. Here is the latest research.