The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Jamaica

AIDS
J P FigueroaE Williams

Abstract

To describe the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Jamaica. Data from the national surveillance system for HIV infection and AIDS based in the Epidemiology Unit, Ministry of Health, were reviewed. These include case reports; HIV screening of blood donors, migrant farmworkers and US visa applicants; sentinel surveillance among antenatal clinic (ANC) attenders and sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic attenders; and various serosurveys. A total of 669 AIDS cases were reported in Jamaica from December 1993 representing a cumulative AIDS case rate of 28 per 100,000 population. Since 1987 the annual AIDS case rate doubled every 2 years with 69% of individuals having died with AIDS. Heterosexual transmission predominates with the cumulative adult AIDS male-to-female case ratio declining from 2.8:1 in 1988 to 1.9:1 in 1993. A total of 55 children with AIDS account for 8.2% of all cases. The HIV infection rate per 1000 in 1993 was 3.8 among blood donors, 1.4 among ANC attenders and significantly higher among STD clinic attenders (men 6%, women 2.7%), homosexuals (9.6%), female prostitutes (12%) and individuals with repeat STD infections (10%). Consistent condom use increased from 27% in 1989 to 47% in 1993. HIV infection was introduced into Jama...Continue Reading

Citations

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