The human inflammatory response

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
J H Levy

Abstract

Inflammation is a protective response of vascularized tissue normally elicited toward nonself-determinants or tissue injury. Inflammation functions as part of normal host surveillance mechanisms to destroy or quarantine both harmful agents and damaged tissue. Most forms of inflammation are exaggerated out of proportion to the stimulus, because humoral amplification systems recruit additional components of the immune system initiating the production of proinflammatory mediators, including cytokines synthesized by activated macrophages. These act as secondary messengers to induce synthesis and expression of specific adhesion molecules on endothelial cells and white cells. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes play a central role in the acute inflammatory response. Anaphylaxis, an immediate hypersensitivity reaction to substances administered in the perioperative period, serves as a useful model for some of the problems of acute inflammation because there are important interrelationships with the cardiovascular system, endothelium, and coagulation. Mast cells and basophils produce the acute inflammation associated with anaphylaxis mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies, whereas the immunoglobulin G (IgG)-antigen interaction activate...Continue Reading

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