PMID: 3384155Jan 1, 1988Paper

The humoral defense system in tsetse: differences in response due to age, sex and antigen types

Developmental and Comparative Immunology
G P Kaaya, N Darji

Abstract

Inoculation of live Escherichia coli into tsetse flies, Glossina morsitans morsitans, stimulated a higher antibacterial immune response in females than in males. It increased with age in females from emergence to approximately 2 weeks and thereafter declined. In males, there was also a significant decrease in immune response with aging. Inoculation of killed bacteria failed to stimulate antibacterial activity but stimulated a lysozyme response which was weaker than that stimulated by live bacteria. No antibacterial activity was present in the hemolymph of larvae from immunized pregnant tsetse. Inoculation of live Trypanosoma brucei brucei and T. congolense failed to induce production of antibacterial activity and lysozyme. Furthermore, tsetse inoculated with or naturally infected with T. b. brucei and T. congolense failed to show any evidence of immunosuppression when challenged with live E. coli. Various species of live bacteria stimulated different levels of antibacterial factors, with Enterobacter cloacae stimulating the highest level of antibacterial activity and E. coli the highest level of lysozyme. Saline in which certain species of bacteria and T. b. brucei were incubated inactivated tsetse immune hemolymph.

References

May 26, 1972·Nature·H G BomanB Rasmuson
Jul 15, 1973·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. B, Comparative Biochemistry·R F Powning, W J Davidson
Jan 1, 1973·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·B M GreenwoodD H Molyneux
Jun 1, 1958·The Journal of Experimental Zoology·J D BRIGGS

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 12, 2004·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Kisaburo NagamuneTaroh Kinoshita
Oct 11, 2001·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Z HaoS Aksoy
May 17, 2011·Journal of Insect Physiology·Alice M LaughtonMichael T Siva-Jothy

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

African Trypanosomiasis

African trypanosomiasis, also known as sleeping sickness, is an insect-borne parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei and almost invariably progresses to death unless treated. Discover the latest research on African trypanosomiasis here.

Bacterial Cell Wall Structure

Bacterial cell walls are made of peptidoglycan (also called murein), which is made from polysaccharide chains cross-linked by unusual peptides containing D-amino acids. Here is the latest research on bacterial cell wall structures.

Bacterial Cell Wall Structure (ASM)

Bacterial cell walls are made of peptidoglycan (also called murein), which is made from polysaccharide chains cross-linked by unusual peptides containing D-amino acids. Here is the latest research on bacterial cell wall structures.