The identification of cognitive subtypes in Alzheimer's disease dementia using latent class analysis

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
Nienke M E ScheltensW M van der Flier

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous disorder with complex underlying neuropathology that is still not completely understood. For better understanding of this heterogeneity, we aimed to identify cognitive subtypes using latent class analysis (LCA) in a large sample of patients with AD dementia. In addition, we explored the relationship between the identified cognitive subtypes, and their demographical and neurobiological characteristics. We performed LCA based on neuropsychological test results of 938 consecutive probable patients with AD dementia using Mini-Mental State Examination as the covariate. Subsequently, we performed multinomial logistic regression analysis with cluster membership as dependent variable and dichotomised demographics, APOE genotype, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and MRI characteristics as independent variables. LCA revealed eight clusters characterised by distinct cognitive profile and disease severity. Memory-impaired clusters-mild-memory (MILD-MEM) and moderate-memory (MOD-MEM)-included 43% of patients. Memory-spared clusters mild-visuospatial-language (MILD-VILA), mild-executive (MILD-EXE) and moderate-visuospatial (MOD-VISP) -included 29% of patients. Memory-indifferent clusters mild-diffuse...Continue Reading

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