The impact of a reduction in fluoride concentration in the Malaysian water supply on the prevalence of fluorosis and dental caries

Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology
Nor Azlida Mohd NorIvor Gordon Chestnutt

Abstract

To assess the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis and caries among Malaysian children following the reduction in fluoride concentration from 0.7 to 0.5 parts per million (ppm) in the public water supply. This study involved lifelong residents aged 9- and 12-year-olds in fluoridated and nonfluoridated areas in Malaysia (n = 1155). In the fluoridated area, children aged 12 years and 9 years were exposed to 0.7 and 0.5 ppm, respectively, at the times when maxillary central incisors developed. Standardized photographs of maxillary central incisors were blind scored for fluorosis using Dean's criteria. Dental caries was examined using ICDAS-II criteria. The prevalence of fluorosis (Dean's score ≥ 2) among children in the fluoridated area (35.7%, 95% CI: 31.9%-39.6%) was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than children in the nonfluoridated area (5.5%, 95% CI: 3.6%-7.4%). Of those in the fluoridated area, the prevalence of fluorosis decreased from 38.4% (95% CI: 33.1%-44.3%) for 12-year-olds to 31.9% (95% CI: 27.6%-38.2%) for 9-year-olds, although this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.139). The mean caries experience in the permanent dentition was significantly lower in the fluoridated area than in the nonflu...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1991·Journal of Public Health Dentistry·R W Evans, J W Stamm
Oct 6, 2000·BMJ : British Medical Journal·M S McDonaghJ Kleijnen
Mar 16, 2004·Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology·Judith A CochranDenis M O'Mullane
Jul 31, 2013·Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology·Hai Ming WongNigel M King
Jan 19, 2016·Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology·Hai Ming WongColman Patrick Joseph McGrath

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Citations

Sep 22, 2018·Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology·W Murray Thomson
Dec 22, 2020·Journal of Dental Research·P JamesH Whelton
Mar 23, 2021·TheScientificWorldJournal·Alexandra SaldarriagaFabiano Jeremias

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