The impact of automatic retractors on the esophagus during anterior cervical surgery: an experimental in vivo study in a sheep model

Journal of Neurosurgery. Spine
Halit CavuşoğluYunus Aydin

Abstract

Postoperative dysphagia is a well-recognized complication of the anterior surgical approach to the cervical spine. However, its incidence and etiology remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of automatic retractor use on the esophagus and to describe the related pathological changes that might occur during cervical spine surgery. A single-level cervical discectomy was performed via an anterior approach in 16 skeletally mature female sheep. Continuous retraction was applied with an automatic retractor system during surgery. The sheep model was chosen because of anatomical similarities to the human esophagus. The esophageal tract in every animal was examined using contrast radiographic examination. Eight animals were killed 3 days after the operation (Group 1). The remaining sheep were killed 4 weeks after the operation (Group 2). The esophagi were removed for histopathological study, which was performed using H & E and Masson trichrome staining. The changes in esophageal innervation were examined with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diphosphate-diaphorase histochemical staining. Only 1 animal (a Group 1 sheep) demonstrated any postoperative radiographic abnormality. In Group 1 sheep, histopathologic...Continue Reading

Associated Clinical Trials

Apr 15, 2015·Sanford E Emery, MD, MBA, Sanford E Emery, MD, MBA

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Citations

Jun 3, 2014·Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports·James J DanieroDavid O Francis
Mar 29, 2013·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Djamal DjeddiJean-Paul Praud
Jun 20, 2012·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Djamal DjeddiJean-Paul Praud
Oct 19, 2013·Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques·Yang ZhangWei Lei
Jun 23, 2012·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Djamal DjeddiJean-Paul Praud
Oct 7, 2020·Neurospine·Murray EchtSamuel K Cho

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
surgical retraction
dissection

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