The impact of our genes: consequences of the apolipoprotein E polymorphism in Alzheimer disease and multiple sclerosis

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
Franz FazekasSiegrid Strasser-Fuchs

Abstract

Epidemiological studies provide strong evidence that susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) is in part genetically determined. Likewise the heterogeneity in clinical manifestations, temporal course, severity, and in the pathological processes of MS are probably also influenced by our genes. Apolipoprotein E (apoE) polymorphism has been considered a candidate for impacting on MS because of its numerous functions related to brain tissue and evidence for an association with a variety of cerebral disorders, specifically Alzheimer's disease (AD). The apoE alleles epsilon2, epsilon3, and epsilon4 are known to impact differently on aspects such as neuronal growth and repair, neuroprotection and inflammation. After a review of the strong association of the apoE polymorphism with AD, we review the results on MS. These are far less homogenous but have gained support from morphologic and metabolic measures obtained with magnetic resonance imaging indicating a greater extent of brain destruction with the apoE epsilon4 allele. Evidence for a protective role of the epsilon2 allele in MS is weak. In view of the association with AD it is tempting to speculate that neuropsychologic functioning in MS might be even more strongly related to the...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 15, 2009·Molekuliarnaia biologiia·O E MustafinaO O Favorova
Oct 4, 2007·Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders·Nicolas CherbuinKaarin J Anstey
Jun 27, 2009·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·Peter B Soeters, Robert F Grimble
Dec 1, 2007·Journal of the American Geriatrics Society·Adam P SpiraKristine Yaffe
Aug 29, 2009·Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy·Violaine K Harris, Saud A Sadiq
Jul 30, 2019·Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine·Meghna P MansukhaniVirend K Somers

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