The impact of pregnancy and menopause on CD4 lymphocyte counts in HIV-infected women

AIDS
Birgit H B van BenthemEuropean Study on the Natural History of HIV Infection in Women and the Swiss HIV Cohort Study

Abstract

To determine indirectly the effect of changes in levels of reproductive hormones on CD4 lymphocyte counts by investigating the impact of pregnancy and menopause on CD4 lymphocyte counts in HIV-infected women. Participants were 382 women with a known interval of HIV seroconversion. Review of questionnaires or patient charts provided information on pregnancy and menopause. A linear regression model with a random intercept and slope, which adjusts for multiple CD4 lymphocyte counts per woman, was applied to estimate the CD4 decline following HIV seroconversion and to evaluate the effect of pregnancy and menopause on the CD4 path. The 382 women had a median age of 25 years at seroconversion and yielded 1428 CD4 lymphocyte counts from 3 to 10 years after seroconversion. At 3 years from seroconversion, 20 women had passed the menopause (i.e., the last menses) and five more subsequently passed this point during follow-up; 25 women had a pregnancy after study entry. Postmenopausal women had lower CD4 lymphocyte counts 3 years after seroconversion than premenopausal women (333 vs 399 x 106 cells/l; P = 0.09), and pregnant women had lower counts than non-pregnant women (375 vs 399 x 106 cells/l; P = 0.36). The monthly CD4 decline was not...Continue Reading

References

May 1, 1989·Journal of Reproductive Immunology·J A CastillaE García-Olivares
Mar 3, 1989·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·P A SelwynM F Rogers
Apr 1, 1983·British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·M P MooreC W Redman
Jan 1, 1983·Immunological Reviews·D P Stites, P K Siiteri
Jan 1, 1994·Life Sciences·T GiglioS Costantini
Jan 9, 1998·Journal of Reproductive Immunology·J S HuntB L DeBrot
Nov 20, 1998·Lancet·H FarzadeganD Vlahov
Aug 7, 1999·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·T R SterlingT C Quinn
Dec 22, 1999·AIDS·M PrinsA van den Hoek
Dec 23, 1999·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·R M GreenblattR N Taylor

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 15, 2005·AIDS Patient Care and STDs·Lori E FantryJodi A Flaws
Dec 8, 2007·Journal of Women's Health·Erna Milunka KojicSusan Cu-Uvin
May 12, 2010·Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology : the Journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·C M ChamaW Gashau
Feb 14, 2016·International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics : the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics·Dinah AmonginTwaha Mutyaba
May 16, 2007·Infectious Disease Clinics of North America·Erna Milunka Kojic, Susan Cu-Uvin
Aug 19, 2007·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·Van der Paal LieveHeiner Grosskurth
Oct 26, 2007·Pain·Glenda Gray, Phyllis Berger
Dec 19, 2017·Post Reproductive Health·Lauren BullNneka Nwokolo
Apr 9, 2005·Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology·Olumuyiwa AinaUNKNOWN Institute of Human Virology/Plateau State Specialist Hospital AIDS Prevention in Nigeria Study Team
May 3, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·HyungSeon Kim, YeonHee Cho

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.