The Impact of Uremic Toxins on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Function

Toxins
Lucie HénautZiad A Massy

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with profound vascular remodeling, which accelerates the progression of cardiovascular disease. This remodeling is characterized by intimal hyperplasia, accelerated atherosclerosis, excessive vascular calcification, and vascular stiffness. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction has a key role in the remodeling process. Under uremic conditions, VSMCs can switch from a contractile phenotype to a synthetic phenotype, and undergo abnormal proliferation, migration, senescence, apoptosis, and calcification. A growing body of data from experiments in vitro and animal models suggests that uremic toxins (such as inorganic phosphate, indoxyl sulfate and advanced-glycation end products) may directly impact the VSMCs' physiological functions. Chronic, low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress-hallmarks of CKD-are also strong inducers of VSMC dysfunction. Here, we review current knowledge about the impact of uremic toxins on VSMC function in CKD, and the consequences for pathological vascular remodeling.

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Citations

Jul 25, 2018·Toxins·Maryam AssemLucie Hénaut
Nov 16, 2018·Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/hemostasis : Official Journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis·Justin LeeJawed Fareed
May 2, 2019·Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·Luca ZanoliPierre Boutouyrie
Apr 18, 2020·American Journal of Hypertension·Takayuki MatsumotoTsuneo Kobayashi
May 20, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Jaqueline HerrmannMirjam Schuchardt
Jul 21, 2020·Peritoneal Dialysis International : Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis·Alexandre CandellierÉric Goffin
Jun 5, 2020·Vascular Health and Risk Management·Sepideh Zununi VahedMohammadreza Ardalan
Apr 12, 2019·Toxins·Mario CozzolinoGiuseppe Cianciolo
May 1, 2019·Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·Yusuke SakaguchiYoshitaka Isaka
Dec 29, 2020·Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine·Li YinHui Huang
Jan 28, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Shara Francesca RapaStefania Marzocco
Mar 25, 2021·Nature Reviews. Nephrology·Jonathan D RavidVipul C Chitalia
Apr 4, 2021·Biomedicines·Mirjam SchuchardtMarkus Tölle
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Yu-Chung ShihDer-Cherng Tarng
Jul 13, 2021·Cardiology Clinics·Sophie ValkenburgRaymond Vanholder
Aug 21, 2021·Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine·Xinyi ShenZhongqun Wang
Aug 17, 2021·Heart, Lung & Circulation·Myrthe M van der BruggenCasper G Schalkwijk
Dec 4, 2021·Experimental Biology and Medicine·Wander Barros do CarmoHelady Sanders-Pinheiro

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic

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