The impact of vaccines on heterologous adaptive immunity

Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
N L MessinaNigel Curtis

Abstract

Vaccines induce antigen-specific memory in adaptive immune cells that enables long-lived protection against the target pathogen. In addition to this, several vaccines have beneficial effects greater than protection against their target pathogen. These non-specific effects are proposed to be the result of vaccine-induced immunomodulation. In the case of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, this involves induction of innate immune memory, termed 'trained immunity', in monocytes and natural killer cells. This review discusses current evidence for vaccine-induced immunomodulation of adaptive immune cells and heterologous adaptive immune responses. The three vaccines that have been associated with changes in all-cause infant mortality: BCG, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) and measles-containing vaccines (MCV) alter T-cell and B-cell immunity. The majority of studies that investigated non-specific effects of these vaccines on the adaptive immune system report changes in numbers or proportions of adaptive immune cell populations. However, there is also evidence for effects of these vaccines on adaptive immune cell function and responses to heterologous stimuli. There is some evidence that, in addition to BCG, DTP and MCV, other v...Continue Reading

Citations

May 14, 2020·The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal·Petra Zimmermann, Nigel Curtis
Oct 9, 2020·Medical Hypotheses·Mohamad Bachar IsmailMonzer Hamze
Dec 5, 2020·Vaccines·Marijana StojanovicAleksandra Inic-Kanada
Sep 23, 2020·Paediatric Respiratory Reviews·Nora FritschiNicole Ritz
Nov 14, 2020·Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics·Pouria MosaddeghiManica Negahdaripour
Jun 5, 2021·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Susana MagadánÁfrica González-Fernández
Jul 3, 2021·Vaccines·Vincenzo Puro On Behalf Of The Inmi Covid-Vaccine Study Group
Oct 5, 2021·Briefings in Bioinformatics·Giulia RussoFrancesco Pappalardo
Nov 18, 2021·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·Fabián SalazarAdilia Warris

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