The impacts of human visitation on mussel bed communities along the California coast: are regulatory marine reserves effective in protecting these communities?

Environmental Management
Jayson R SmithRichard F Ambrose

Abstract

Rocky intertidal habitats frequently are used by humans for recreational, educational, and subsistence-harvesting purposes, with intertidal populations damaged by visitation activities such as extraction, trampling, and handling. California Marine Managed Areas, particularly regulatory marine reserves (MRs), were established to provide legal protection and enhancement of coastal resources and include prohibitions on harvesting intertidal populations. However, the effectiveness of MRs is unclear as enforcement of no-take laws is weak and no regulations protect intertidal species from other detrimental visitor impacts such as trampling. The goal of this study was two-fold: (1) to determine impacts from human visitation on California mussel populations (Mytilus californianus) and mussel bed community diversity; and (2) to investigate the effectiveness of regulatory MRs in reducing visitor impacts on these populations. Surveys of mussel populations and bed-associated diversity were compared: (1) at sites subjected to either high or low levels of human use, and (2) at sites either unprotected or with regulatory protection banning collecting. At sites subjected to higher levels of human visitation, mussel populations were significant...Continue Reading

References

Jun 17, 1999·Trends in Ecology & Evolution·J C Castilla
May 10, 2001·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J B Jackson
Mar 22, 2003·Marine Environmental Research·Kenneth Schiff, Steven Bay
Jun 10, 2006·Ecology·Jayson R SmithRichard F Ambrose
Jan 25, 2008·Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America·Irene Tetreault, Richard F Ambrose
Jul 1, 1996·Trends in Ecology & Evolution·M J TegnerP K Dayton

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Citations

Jun 29, 2012·Marine Environmental Research·Lucas G LeiteRonaldo A Christofoletti
Jan 13, 2015·Marine Environmental Research·Gonzalo BravoGregorio Bigatti
Nov 26, 2011·Science·Christopher D G Harley
Oct 9, 2014·Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista Brasleira De Biologia·L S AndradeA Fransozo
May 10, 2020·PloS One·Puri VeigaMarcos Rubal

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