The importance of hormonal circadian rhythms in daily feeding patterns: An illustration with simulated pigs

Hormones and Behavior
Iris J M M BoumansEddie A M Bokkers

Abstract

The interaction between hormonal circadian rhythms and feeding behaviour is not well understood. This study aimed to deepen our understanding of mechanisms underlying circadian feeding behaviour in animals, using pigs, Sus scrofa, as a case study. Pigs show an alternans feeding pattern, that is, a small peak of feed intake at the beginning of the day and a larger peak at the end of the day. We simulated the feeding behaviour of pigs over a 24h period. The simulation model contained mechanisms that regulate feeding behaviour of animals, including: processing of feed in the gastrointestinal tract, fluctuation in energy balance, circadian rhythms of melatonin and cortisol and motivational decision-making. From the interactions between these various processes, feeding patterns (e.g. feed intake, meal frequency, feeding rate) emerge. These feeding patterns, as well as patterns for the underlying mechanisms (e.g. energy expenditure), fitted empirical data well, indicating that our model contains relevant mechanisms. The circadian rhythms of cortisol and melatonin explained the alternans pattern of feeding in pigs. Additionally, the timing and amplitude of cortisol peaks affected the diurnal and nocturnal peaks in feed intake. Further...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 28, 2019·The British Journal of Nutrition·Rik J J van ErpWalter J J Gerrits
Jan 29, 2019·Journal of Huntington's Disease·Lorena RiekeRalf Reilmann
Mar 29, 2021·Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition·Xiaojuan WangHai Lin
Sep 10, 2019··T.A.T.G. van KempenR.J.J. van Erp

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