The increased risk of urinary stone disease in betel quid chewers

Urological Research
Siân E AllenWilliam G Robertson

Abstract

The chewing of betel quid is a common practice in many countries of the world, particularly in Southeast Asia. The quid consists of a preparation of areca nut, betel leaf and calcium hydroxide "lime" paste ("chuna"). For the first time, we present a study that links its use to urinary stone disease. Eight patients (seven male and one female) who presented to our Stone Unit with recurrent urinary stones were included in the study. All were from the Indian subcontinent and were found to regularly chew betel. The patients underwent metabolic screening including blood, random urine and 24-h urine tests, quantitative chemical analysis of their calculi (where possible) and each completed a 7-day Diet Diary on his/her free, home diet. The study demonstrated a high incidence of hypercalciuria, a tendency to pass an alkaline urine and low urinary citrate excretion among the patients. Together these urinary risk factors increase the probability of developing both calcium phosphate-containing and calcium oxalate-containing stones. In support of this hypothesis, the patients were found to form stones consisting mainly of calcium phosphate but mixed with calcium oxalate. It is concluded that the use of calcium hydroxide "chuna" in the betel...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 1, 2010·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Michelle López, Bernd Hoppe
Jul 30, 2011·The Urologic Clinics of North America·Tiziana MeschiLoris Borghi
May 8, 2007·Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America·William H RichardsonJill E Michels
May 16, 2012·BJU International·Shiu-Dong ChungHerng-Ching Lin
May 28, 2016·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Robert L HaddockJosephine Malilay

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