The Inducible microRNA-21 Negatively Modulates the Inflammatory Response in Teleost Fish via Targeting IRAK4

Frontiers in Immunology
Qing ChuTianjun Xu

Abstract

Eradication of bacterial infection requires timely and appropriate immune and inflammatory responses, but excessive induction of inflammatory cytokines can cause acute or chronic inflammatory disorders. Thus, various layers of negative regulators and mechanisms are needed to ensure maintenance of the homeostasis for the immune system. miRNAs are a family of small non-coding RNAs that emerged as significant and versatile regulators involved in regulation of immune responses. Recently, the molecular mechanisms of miRNA in host-pathogen interaction networks have been extensively studied in mammals, whereas the underlying regulatory mechanisms in fish are still poorly understood. In this study, we identify miR-21 as a negative regulator of the teleost inflammatory response. We found that lipopolysaccharide and Vibrio anguillarum significantly upregulated the expression of fish miR-21. Upregulated miR-21 suppresses LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine expression by targeting IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), thereby avoiding excessive inflammatory responses. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-21 regulates inflammatory responses through NF-κB signaling pathways. The collective findings indicate that miR-21 plays a regulatory...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 7, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Xiaolong YanTianjun Xu
Jun 6, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Nicole C SmithRune Andreassen
Dec 22, 2020·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Xiaomeng RenYuena Sun
Feb 5, 2021·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Renjie ChangTianjun Xu
Feb 21, 2021·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology·You-Wu DaiJiong Chen
May 1, 2021·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Carolina SalazarSergio H Marshall
May 4, 2021·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Raza Ali NaqviAfsar R Naqvi
Jun 7, 2021·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Chuxin WuChengyu Hu
Aug 15, 2021·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Renjie ChangYuena Sun

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
Protein Assay
transfection
transfections

Software Mentioned

Targetscan
MicroInspector
miRanda

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