PMID: 9540222Apr 16, 1998Paper

The induction of apoptosis by a positively charged methylene blue derivative

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. B, Biology
D J BallDavid I Vernon

Abstract

Identifying the cellular responses to photodynamic therapy (PDT) is important if the mechanisms of cell death are to be fully understood. PDT with a methylene blue analog DO15 yielded mitochondrial photodamage whilst membrane and lysosomal integrity were maintained. Apoptosis was detected using the DNA stain HO342, by the appearance of 50 kb fragments and by DNA ladder formation. The release of mono- and oligonucleosomes was further quantified using an ELISA protocol. Large DNA fragments were observed immediately following illumination, and nucleosomes were detected at 1-2 h post-treatment. Increasing the dose 4-fold accelerated the apoptotic response to PDT. This is the first report of a thiazine photosensitiser inducing apoptosis and is consistent with recent proposals suggesting that release of mitochondrial components may play an important role in the mechanism of cell death.

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Citations

Jul 7, 1999·Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. B, Biology·V O MelnikovaF Guillemin
Sep 1, 2005·Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy·João Paulo TardivoMauricio S Baptista
Apr 29, 2011·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·Renato A PratesMichael R Hamblin
Apr 25, 2012·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·Kinga NawalanyMaria Nowakowska
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May 11, 2002·Photochemistry and Photobiology·Kirste J MellishStanley B Brown
Oct 31, 2002·Photochemistry and Photobiology·Steen J MadsenHenry Hirschberg
Jun 19, 2003·Photochemistry and Photobiology·Divinomar SeverinoMauricio S Baptista
Apr 13, 2018·Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry : JBIC : a Publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry·Andreja LeskovacVesna Vasic
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Dec 15, 2004·Photochemistry and Photobiology·Wei TangMartin A Philbert
Apr 30, 2004·Photochemistry and Photobiology·Dino GabrielliMauricio S Baptista
Aug 28, 2019·Biomedical Optics Express·Xin FengAnna N Yaroslavsky
Jul 24, 2008·Molecular Pharmaceutics·Ayman KhdairJayanth Panyam

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