The influence of color and demand characteristics on muscle strength and affective ratings of the environment

The Journal of General Psychology
J M SmithM E Fusco

Abstract

Demand characteristics may influence claims that the color pink inhibits muscle strength whereas blue increases muscle strength. In Experiment 1, undergraduates (N = 59; 30 women, 29 men) were told either that the experimenters thought pink would increase and blue decrease strength or that blue would increase muscle strength and pink decrease muscle strength. A hand dynamometer assessed grip strength as subjects stared at each of 8 differently colored panels. Results indicated that men viewing the pink or orange panels had higher grip strength under pink-strengthen than under pink-weaken instructions. The reverse relationship was found for men viewing a green panel. For women, the pink-weaken instructions resulted in a higher grip strength than did the pink-strengthen instructions, regardless of actual color present. In Experiment 2, women in a no-instruction control condition had lower grip strength than women given the pink-weaken instructions. For men, the control (no-instruction) condition resulted in higher grip strength than the pink-weaken condition. Results of both studies suggest that men followed overt demand characteristics but that women reacted with increased intensity to any suggestion that a stereotypically femin...Continue Reading

References

Apr 1, 1971·Perceptual and Motor Skills·J C Nourse, R B Welch
Jun 1, 1982·Perceptual and Motor Skills·W K GreenA White

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Citations

Aug 21, 2008·Perceptual and Motor Skills·Daniel K CraneJohn K Petrella
Oct 5, 2018·Evolutionary Psychology : an International Journal of Evolutionary Approaches to Psychology and Behavior·Gabrielle K LehmannRobert J Calin-Jageman

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