The influence of radiation in the context of developing combination immunotherapies in cancer

Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines and Immunotherapy
Jamie Honeychurch, Timothy M Illidge

Abstract

In addition to tumouricidal activity, radiotherapy is now recognized to display potent immunostimulatory properties that can contribute to the generation of anti-cancer immune responses. Treatment with radiation can induce a variety of pro-immunogenic and phenotypic changes in malignant cells, and recalibrate the immune contexture of the tumour microenvironment, leading to enhanced activation of the innate immune system, and priming of tumour-specific T-cell immunity. The immune-dependent effects of radiotherapy provide a sound rationale for the development of combination strategies, whereby the immunomodulatory properties of radiation can be exploited to augment the activity of immunotherapeutic agents. Encouraged by the recent success of breakthrough therapies such as immune checkpoint blockade, and a wealth of experimental data demonstrating the efficacy of radiotherapy and immunotherapy combinations, the clinical potential of this approach is now being explored in numerous trials. Successful translation will require careful consideration of the most suitable dose and fractionation of radiation, choice of immunotherapy and optimal sequencing and scheduling regimen. Immunological control of cancer is now becoming a clinical r...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 5, 2020·The Cancer Journal·Brandon S Imber, Joachim Yahalom
Nov 17, 2020·Oncoimmunology·Ben G L VannesteDirk De Ruysscher
May 21, 2021·Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·Kyoko NakamuraViia Valge-Archer

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