The influence of respiration on brainstem and cardiovagal response to auricular vagus nerve stimulation: A multimodal ultrahigh-field (7T) fMRI study

Brain Stimulation
Roberta ScloccoVitaly Napadow

Abstract

Brainstem-focused mechanisms supporting transcutaneous auricular VNS (taVNS) effects are not well understood, particularly in humans. We employed ultrahigh field (7T) fMRI and evaluated the influence of respiratory phase for optimal targeting, applying our respiratory-gated auricular vagal afferent nerve stimulation (RAVANS) technique. We proposed that targeting of nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) and cardiovagal modulation in response to taVNS stimuli would be enhanced when stimulation is delivered during a more receptive state, i.e. exhalation. Brainstem fMRI response to auricular taVNS (cymba conchae) was assessed for stimulation delivered during exhalation (eRAVANS) or inhalation (iRAVANS), while exhalation-gated stimulation over the greater auricular nerve (GANctrl, i.e. earlobe) was included as control. Furthermore, we evaluated cardiovagal response to stimulation by calculating instantaneous HF-HRV from cardiac data recorded during fMRI. Our findings demonstrated that eRAVANS evoked fMRI signal increase in ipsilateral pontomedullary junction in a cluster including purported NTS. Brainstem response to GANctrl localized a partially-overlapping cluster, more ventrolateral, consistent with spinal trigeminal nucleus. A region-...Continue Reading

Citations

Aug 10, 2019·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Eugenijus KaniusasAntonio Šarolić
Dec 23, 2020·Neuromodulation : Journal of the International Neuromodulation Society·Yu WangPeijing Rong
Jan 11, 2021·Brain Stimulation·Marius KeuteAlireza Gharabaghi
Jan 15, 2021·International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·Uirassu BorgesMarkus Raab
Apr 15, 2020·Brain Stimulation·Devin AdairMarom Bikson
Apr 2, 2021·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Kathrin MachetanzAlireza Gharabaghi
Feb 25, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Ying ZhuJiande D Z Chen
Jun 24, 2021·Neuromodulation : Journal of the International Neuromodulation Society·Mikołaj Tytus Szulczewski
Jun 15, 2021·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Natalia Yakunina, Eui-Cheol Nam
Aug 28, 2021·Brain Sciences·Maria Luisa De MartinoMariella Pazzaglia
Sep 1, 2021·Expert Review of Medical Devices·Hilmar P SigurdssonAlison J Yarnall
Dec 24, 2021·Expert Review of Medical Devices·Lei WangPeijing Rong

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