The interaction of asbestos and smoking in lung cancer: a modified measure of effect

The Annals of Occupational Hygiene
G Berry, F D Liddell

Abstract

The ratio of the relative risk of lung cancer due to asbestos exposure in non-smokers to that in smokers has been termed the relative asbestos effect (RAE). In a review, Liddell [Liddell FDK (2001) Ann Occup Hyg; 45: 341-56] estimated that the RAE was approximately 2. This measure is satisfactory when there is an appreciable relative risk due to asbestos but does not generalize to lower levels of exposure. A modified measure is proposed to overcome this difficulty. The modified measure, RAEm, is defined as the ratio of the excess relative risk (RR - 1) in non-smokers to that in smokers. The cohort studies combined in Liddell's 2001 analysis have been used to give a combined estimate of the modified measure. The combined value of RAEm is 3.19 with 95% confidence interval 1.67-6.13. The excess relative risk of lung cancer from asbestos exposure is about three times higher in non-smokers than in smokers. The modified measure has been placed within a more versatile model of interaction. If interaction is present the relative risk from asbestos exposure changes only slightly between light and heavy smokers, but is higher in very light smokers and non-smokers. The relative risk estimated from epidemiological studies of a mixed popula...Continue Reading

Citations

Jun 10, 2011·International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health·Kimiko TomiokaNorio Kurumatani
Nov 22, 2008·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·Alex G Stewart, Joy Carter
Jan 22, 2011·The Annals of Occupational Hygiene·Gillian FrostAnne-Helen Harding
Jul 20, 2006·Occupational and Environmental Medicine·A ReidA W Musk
Dec 14, 2012·BMC Cancer·Paul J VilleneuveUNKNOWN Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group
Aug 1, 2008·Expert Opinion on Medical Diagnostics·Kelly M Woodard, Caroline J Chapman
Jul 2, 2015·Lung Cancer : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer·Beata ŚwiątkowskaNeonila Szeszenia-Dąbrowska
Nov 18, 2015·Revue des maladies respiratoires·F DelvaJ-C Pairon
Aug 2, 2008·Critical Reviews in Toxicology·D Wayne Berman, Kenny S Crump
Aug 8, 2009·Reviews on Environmental Health·William W Au, Mathuros Ruchirawat
Jan 8, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Sonja KlebeMarkku Nurminen

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
Timothy R Rebbeck
The Annals of Occupational Hygiene
K Browne, J B Gee
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved