The intestinal microbiome and paediatric liver disease

The Lancet. Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Daniel H Leung, Dean Yimlamai

Abstract

The intestinal microbiome has been the intense focus of recent study, but how the microbiota affects connected organs, such as the liver, has not been fully elucidated. The microbiome regulates intestinal permeability and helps to metabolise the human diet into small molecules, thus directly affecting liver health. Several studies have linked intestinal dysbiosis to the severity and progression of liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, total parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease, and cystic fibrosis-associated liver disease. However, there is limited information and interpretation with regard to how the microbiome could contribute to liver disease in the paediatric population. Notably, the gut microbiota is distinct at birth and does not establish an adult profile until the third year of life. Clinical research suggests that paediatric liver disease differs in both severity and rate of progression compared with adult forms, suggesting independent mechanisms of pathogenesis. We discuss data linking the intestinal microbiome to liver disease development and therapeutic efforts to modify the microbiome in children.

Citations

Sep 15, 2017·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Wen YeUNKNOWN CFLDnet research group
Feb 14, 2018·Current Opinion in Gastroenterology·Natasha KamalChristopher Koh
Nov 11, 2017·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Hong-Li LiXiao-Jun Wu
Mar 17, 2019·EMBO Reports·Samuel Philip NobsEran Elinav
Apr 4, 2018·Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition·Toshio Kobayashi, Akira Andoh
Jan 20, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ivana MilosevicAmedeo Amedei
Aug 21, 2019·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Ebe D'AdamoValerio Nobili
Nov 12, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Julio Plaza-DíazAna I Álvarez-Mercado
Mar 7, 2021·Metabolites·Aravind ThavamaniSenthilkumar Sankararaman

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