The intracellular virus-containing compartments in primary human macrophages are largely inaccessible to antibodies and small molecules.

PloS One
Hin ChuPaul Spearman

Abstract

HIV-1 assembly and release occurs at the plasma membrane of human T lymphocytes and model epithelial cell lines, whereas in macrophages intracellular sites of virus assembly or accumulation predominate. The origin of the intracellular virus-containing compartment (VCC) has been controversial. This compartment is enriched in markers of the multivesicular body, and has been described as a modified endosomal compartment. Several studies of this compartment have revealed the presence of small channels connecting to the plasma membrane, suggesting that instead of an endosomal origin the compartment is a modified plasma membrane compartment. If the compartment is accessible to the external environment, this would have important implications for antiviral immune responses and antiviral therapy. We performed a series of experiments designed to determine if the VCC in macrophages was open to the external environment and accessible to antibodies and small molecules. The majority of VCCs were found to be inaccessible to exogenously-applied antibodies to tetraspanins in the absence of membrane permeabilization, while tetraspanin staining was readily observed following membrane permeabilization. Cationized ferritin was utilized to stain the...Continue Reading

References

Jul 1, 1988·Journal of Leukocyte Biology·S E Mutsaers, J M Papadimitriou
Mar 1, 1994·Clinics in Perinatology·L D Frenkel, S Gaur
Sep 17, 2002·Traffic·Graça RaposoHans Geuze
May 6, 2003·Science·David McDonaldThomas J Hope
Jul 30, 2003·The Journal of Cell Biology·Annegret Pelchen-MatthewsMark Marsh
Nov 18, 2003·Traffic·Sascha NydeggerMarkus Thali
Dec 7, 2006·PLoS Biology·Nolwenn JouvenetPaul D Bieniasz
Mar 27, 2007·PLoS Pathogens·Sonja WelschHans-Georg Kräusslich
May 18, 2007·Journal of Virology·Andrés FinziEric A Cohen
Nov 17, 2007·Cell Host & Microbe·Mabel JouvePhilippe Benaroch
Mar 29, 2008·PLoS Pathogens·Karine GoussetEric O Freed
Dec 17, 2009·Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology·Hin ChuPaul Spearman
Apr 9, 2010·Retrovirology·Philippe BenarochMabel Jouve
Jul 1, 2006·Expert Review of Clinical Immunology·Stephanie Venzke, Oliver T Keppler
Dec 17, 2010·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·Johanna-M BrixGerit-H Schernthaner
May 27, 2011·Journal of Virology·Sonja WelschQuentin J Sattentau
Dec 30, 2011·Journal of Virology·Herwig KoppensteinerMichael Schindler

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Oct 6, 2012·Retrovirology·Herwig KoppensteinerMichael Schindler
Oct 23, 2013·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Stefano BerrePhilippe Benaroch
Jun 6, 2013·Trends in Microbiology·Joshua Tan, Quentin J Sattentau
Dec 18, 2012·Current HIV/AIDS Reports·Anupriya AggarwalStuart G Turville
Oct 17, 2015·Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine·Gang ZhangHoward E Gendelman
Mar 26, 2016·Trends in Microbiology·Francesca GrazianoGuido Poli
Jul 26, 2012·Molecular Biology International·Ian B HogueAkira Ono
Dec 25, 2012·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Christina GavegnanoRaymond F Schinazi
Feb 6, 2014·PLoS Pathogens·Mark S LadinskyPamela J Bjorkman
Sep 8, 2018·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Fangda XuBjörn M Reinhard
Mar 31, 2016·Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases·Erica L Johnson, Rana Chakraborty
Mar 27, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Anamaria D SarcaTaisuke Izumi

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
electron microscopy

Software Mentioned

Improvision
Volocity
Adobe Illustrator
softWoRx
Adobe Photoshop

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.