The intraventricular-spot sign: prevalence, significance, and relation to hematoma expansion and outcomes

Journal of Neurology
Omar HusseinArchana Hinduja

Abstract

The presence of the spot sign on computed tomography angiogram (CTA) is considered a sign of active bleeding, and studies have shown it can predict hematoma expansion in intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH). The spot sign in intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) has not been explored yet. The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of the intraventricular-spot sign, and its prediction of hematoma expansion and clinical outcomes. We retrieved data of hemorrhagic stroke patients seen at our medical center from January 2013 to January 2018. A total of 321 subjects were filtered for the prevalence analysis (PA). We further excluded 114 subjects without a follow-up CT-head for the hematoma expansion analysis (HEA). Patients were grouped based on the location of hemorrhage into three groups: isolated IPH with the spot sign always in IPH (i-IPH), isolated IVH with the spot sign always in IVH (i-IVH), and combined IPH and IVH which would be further sub-grouped according to the location of the spot sign: in IPH only (IPH+/IVH) and in IVH only (IPH/IVH+). The prevalence, demographics, and incidence of hematoma expansion were compared between the groups using Pearson's chi-square test and Student's t test. The prevalence of the spot ...Continue Reading

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