The islet circadian clock: entrainment mechanisms, function and role in glucose homeostasis

Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
Kuntol RakshitAleksey V Matveyenko

Abstract

Circadian regulation of glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion has long been appreciated as an important feature of metabolic control in humans. Circadian disruption is becoming increasingly prevalent in today's society and is likely responsible in part for the considerable rise in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome worldwide. Thus, understanding molecular mechanisms driving the inter-relationship between circadian disruption and T2DM is important in context of disease prevention and therapeutics. In this regard, the goal of this article is to highlight the role of the circadian system, and islet circadian clocks in particular, as potential regulators of β-cell function and survival. To date, studies have shown that islet clocks respond to changes in feeding patterns, and regulate a multitude of critical cellular processes in insulin secreting β-cells (e.g. insulin exocytosis, mitochondrial function and response to oxidative stress). Subsequently, either genetic or environmental disruption of normal islet clock performance compromises β-cell function and leads to loss of glycaemic control. Future work is warranted to further unravel the role of circadian clocks in human islet function in health and contributions t...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 19, 2016·Hypertension Research : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension·Ippei ShimizuTohru Minamino
Aug 9, 2016·Physiological Genomics·Kuntol RakshitAleksey V Matveyenko
Dec 17, 2016·Diabetologia·Andrew C ForrestelMichael T Sellix
Feb 8, 2018·Physiology·Naureen Javeed, Aleksey V Matveyenko
Jul 19, 2016·Diabetology International·Navin AdhikaryJia Zhong Sun
Jul 29, 2020·Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·Yotam KolbenYaron Ilan
May 28, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Mary Courtney MooreAlan D Cherrington
Mar 16, 2021·Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology·Azure D GrantLance J Kriegsfeld

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