The Jigsaw Puzzle of mRNA Translation Initiation in Eukaryotes: A Decade of Structures Unraveling the Mechanics of the Process

Annual Review of Biophysics
Yaser Hashem, Joachim Frank

Abstract

Translation initiation in eukaryotes is a highly regulated and rate-limiting process. It results in the assembly and disassembly of numerous transient and intermediate complexes involving over a dozen eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs). This process culminates in the accommodation of a start codon marking the beginning of an open reading frame at the appropriate ribosomal site. Although this process has been extensively studied by hundreds of groups for nearly half a century, it has been only recently, especially during the last decade, that we have gained deeper insight into the mechanics of the eukaryotic translation initiation process. This advance in knowledge is due in part to the contributions of structural biology, which have shed light on the molecular mechanics underlying the different functions of various eukaryotic initiation factors. In this review, we focus exclusively on the contribution of structural biology to the understanding of the eukaryotic initiation process, a long-standing jigsaw puzzle that is just starting to yield the bigger picture.

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Citations

Jan 5, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Bridget Y Huang, Israel S Fernández
May 2, 2020·Genes & Development·Felix RäschCátia Igreja
Jun 25, 2020·Biotechnology and Bioengineering·Brent M BijonowskiTeng Ma
Sep 2, 2020·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA·Christina Akirtava, Charles Joel McManus
Feb 24, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Emmanuelle SchmittYves Mechulam
Feb 6, 2020·Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire·Sai Shilpa KommarajuWoon-Kai Low
Jan 23, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Christopher P LapointeJoseph D Puglisi
Nov 26, 2019·Biochemistry·Rishi Kumar MishraTanweer Hussain
Oct 14, 2021·Mammalian Genome : Official Journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society·Karissa Sanbonmatsu

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray
nuclear magnetic resonance
NMR
electron microscopy
nucleotide exchange
GTPase

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