The journey of opioid substitution therapy in India: Achievements and challenges

Indian Journal of Psychiatry
Ravindra Rao

Abstract

Opioids are one of the most problematic illegal substances globally. Opioid abuse is associated with complications in various spheres of the user's life, his/her family, and the society. Injecting drug use (IDU) is also linked to public health problems such as HIV infection and viral hepatitis. Medications form an important cornerstone in the treatment of opioid dependence. Treatment strategies such as "detoxification" alone or long-term treatment with opioid antagonist have limited acceptability and retention rates. Opioid substitution therapy (OST) has demonstrated better retention rates than other existing treatment strategies and helps improve the individual's functioning as well as his/her quality of life. The use of OST in India spans three decades, with initial use of low-dose buprenorphine followed by higher strength buprenorphine and buprenorphine-naloxone. Other medications such as slow-release oral morphine, and recently, methadone have also been introduced. Indian research also confirms the findings from Western literature on the effectiveness as well as acceptability of this treatment modality. OST received its biggest thrust when it became a part of the National AIDS Control Programme. In recent years, the number ...Continue Reading

References

Jul 10, 2009·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Richard P MattickMarina Davoli
Feb 7, 2014·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Richard P MattickMarina Davoli

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Citations

Jun 15, 2018·Indian Journal of Dental Research : Official Publication of Indian Society for Dental Research·S M Balaji
May 8, 2019·CNS Drugs·Matisyahu ShulmanEdward V Nunes
May 3, 2019·Asia-Pacific Psychiatry : Official Journal of the Pacific Rim College of Psychiatrists·Sai Krishna TikkaK Hari Hara Suchandra
Feb 1, 2020·Indian Journal of Psychiatry·Surendra K MattooMahendra Prakash Sharma
Apr 27, 2021·Indian Journal of Psychiatry·Debasish BasuAjit Avasthi
Jun 11, 2021·Bulletin of the World Health Organization·Ravindra RaoPallavi Rajhans
Aug 31, 2021·Indian Journal of Psychiatry·Anish ShouanSurendra Kumar Mattoo
Oct 9, 2021·Journal of Public Health·Bhrigupati Singh, Ravindra Rao

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