The leading edge: Emerging neuroprotective and neuroregenerative cell-based therapies for spinal cord injury.

Stem Cells Translational Medicine
Christopher S AhujaMichael G Fehlings

Abstract

Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) are associated with tremendous physical, social, and financial costs for millions of individuals and families worldwide. Rapid delivery of specialized medical and surgical care has reduced mortality; however, long-term functional recovery remains limited. Cell-based therapies represent an exciting neuroprotective and neuroregenerative strategy for SCI. This article summarizes the most promising preclinical and clinical cell approaches to date including transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, Schwann cells, and olfactory ensheathing cells, as well as strategies to activate endogenous multipotent cell pools. Throughout, we emphasize the fundamental biology of cell-based therapies, critical features in the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury, and the strengths and limitations of each approach. We also highlight salient completed and ongoing clinical trials worldwide and the bidirectional translation of their findings. We then provide an overview of key adjunct strategies such as trophic factor support to optimize graft survival and differentiation, engineered biomaterials to provide a support scaffold, electrical fields to stimulate migration, an...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 10, 2021·Cell Transplantation·Liyi HuangQuan Wei
Feb 16, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Jakub ČervenkaPetr Vodička
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Marc Hernaiz-LlorensEduardo Soriano
Aug 4, 2021·Stem Cells International·Seidu A Richard, Marian Sackey

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
GTPase
genetic
transfection
transfections

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT02570932
NCT02260713
NCT01325103
NCT01186679
NCT00816803
NCT02152657
NCT01769872
NCT01274975
NCT02981576
NCT02482194

Software Mentioned

BioTime
InVivo
Neuralstem

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