The left hand as a model for the right atrium: a simple teaching tool

Europace : European Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Electrophysiology : Journal of the Working Groups on Cardiac Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology
Mattias DuytschaeverRene Tavernier

Abstract

Knowledge of the complex three-dimensional anatomy of the right atrium is mandatory for the electrophysiologist and interventional cardiologist, but its understanding remains difficult. We hypothesized that the left hand, loosely clenched, is a good three-dimensional model to understand the position of the different anatomical and electrical regions in the right atrium. For validation, we compared the hand with an endocast that had been prepared from an adult human right atrium and with a three-dimensional electro-anatomical CT image of the right atrium. Views of the left hand were photographed from various angles to replicate as closely as possible the standard fluoroscopic views. Using the nomenclature of the bones of the hand, we assigned the different regions of the hand to represent regions and structures of the right atrium. An endocast was prepared from an adult human right atrium. A three-dimensional electro-anatomical right atrial map with CT integration (CartoMerge) was used as the gold standard for the exact localization of electrical regions such as the sinus node (SN), bundle of His, and slow pathway region. Using the left hand, it is possible to mark the free wall, terminal crest, appendage, septal surface, oval f...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 17, 2008·European Journal of Echocardiography : the Journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology·Nicola D'AmatoCarlo D'Agostino

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