The lost art of whole blood transfusion in austere environments

Current Sports Medicine Reports
Geir StrandenesAndrew P Cap

Abstract

The optimal resuscitation fluid for uncontrolled bleeding and hemorrhagic shock in both pre- and in-hospital settings has been an ongoing controversy for decades. Hemorrhage continues to be a major cause of death in both the civilian and military trauma population, and survival depends on adequacy of hemorrhage control and resuscitation between onset of bleeding and arrival at a medical treatment facility. The terms far-forward and austere are defined, respectively, as the environment where professional health care providers normally do not operate and a setting in which basic equipment and capabilities necessary for resuscitation are often not available. The relative austerity of a treatment setting may be a function of timing rather than just location, as life-saving interventions must be performed quickly before hemorrhagic shock becomes irreversible. Fresh whole blood transfusions in the field may be a feasible life-saving procedure when facing significant hemorrhage.

References

Jul 13, 2007·The Journal of Trauma·John B Holcomb
Jan 19, 2010·Shock·Robert Wayne BarbeeKevin R Ward
Jun 30, 2012·The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery·Matthew E KutcherMitchell Jay Cohen
May 28, 2013·Anesthesia and Analgesia·Ronald D Miller
Dec 4, 2013·Shock·Timothy James HooperKevin R Ward
Feb 27, 2014·Shock·Geir StrandenesEinar K Kristoffersen
Mar 26, 2014·Shock·Alan D MurdockTurid Helen Lunde

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Citations

Mar 13, 2021·Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care·Thomas H EdwardsAndrew P Cap
May 25, 2021·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Thomas H EdwardsAndrew P Cap

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