The macrophage response to endotoxin requires platelet activating factor

Shock
Eileen M BulgerRonald V Maier

Abstract

Platelet activating factor (PAF) is a key proinflammatory mediator of septic shock and is metabolized by PAF-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH). Low circulating levels of PAF-AH have been associated with the development of autodestructive excessive inflammatory responses such as post-injury multiple organ failure, and recombinant PAF-AH is being studied for the prevention of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, the potential role of PAF as an autocrine mediator of macrophage activation is unclear. We wanted to examine the role of PAF in the endotoxin- (LPS) induced macrophage response using PAF-AH. Rabbit alveolar macrophages were stimulated with LPS (10 ng/mL) with or without PAF-AH (0.1-10 microg/mL). Supernatants were collected to measure the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 8 (Il-8), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Cell monolayers were assessed for procoagulant activity (PCA). TNF mRNA production was determined by Northern blot and RNA stability was assessed. Evaluation of intracellular signaling pathways for LPS included western blots for phosphorylated p38 and ERK kinases and gel shift for nuclear factor-kappaB. There was a dose-response inhibition of TNF, PCA, Il-8, and PGE2 production following ...Continue Reading

References

Mar 1, 1992·The Journal of Surgical Research·R V MaierJ R Fletcher
Apr 1, 1990·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A G StewartG J Dusting
May 1, 1987·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·S W ChangN F Voelkel
Dec 1, 1982·Agents and Actions·C G CaillardL Julou
Sep 1, 1983·British Journal of Pharmacology·J BenvenisteC Labat
Jan 21, 1983·European Journal of Pharmacology·P BessinJ Benveniste
Mar 30, 1984·Journal of Immunological Methods·D A Flick, G E Gifford
Jan 1, 1994·Annual Review of Immunology·P A Baeuerle, T Henkel
Oct 1, 1996·The Journal of Trauma·F M Abu-ZidanS Lennquist
Jan 1, 1996·Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology·F SnyderM L Blank

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 23, 2009·The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology·Jean Marc Miezan EzoulinHong-Zhuan Chen
Jan 13, 2018·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Damien GarridoRodrigo Guabiraba
Jul 10, 2004·Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology·Salma Al-DarmakiSuzanne E Barbour
Jul 5, 2006·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Susana E MorenoMauro M Teixeira
Feb 23, 2008·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Marieke A D van ZoelenTom van der Poll
Jun 20, 2006·American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology·Marie-Renée BlanchetYvon Cormier
Jan 30, 2003·Annals of Medicine·Jean-Louis VincentDaniel De Backer

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.