The magic cup: great apes and domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) individuate objects according to their properties

Journal of Comparative Psychology
Juliane Bräuer, Josep Call

Abstract

Despite current interest in dog (Canis familiaris) cognition, very little is known about how dogs represent objects and how they compare with other species, such as the great apes. Therefore, we investigated how dogs and great apes (chimpanzees [Pan troglodytes], bonobos [Pan paniscus], orangutans [Pongo pygmaeus], gorillas [Gorilla gorilla]) individuate objects in a classical violation of expectation paradigm. We used a container (magic cup) with a double bottom that allowed us to change the type of food that subjects had seen being placed in the container. Using a 2 × 2 design, we varied whether subjects received a generally preferred food and whether the food was substituted (surprise trials) or not (baseline trials). Apes showed increased begging and looking behaviors and dogs showed increased smelling behavior. Both species stayed near the experimenter more frequently in the surprise trials compared with baseline trials. Both species reacted to positive (i.e., good food substituted for bad food) and negative (i.e., bad food substituted for good food) surprises. These results suggest that apes and dogs were able to individuate objects according to their properties or type in comparable ways. In addition, we looked for frust...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 12, 2013·Animal Cognition·Karline R L JanmaatChristophe Boesch
Dec 26, 2013·Animal Cognition·Laura FontanariGiorgio Vallortigara
Jun 12, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Peter Carruthers
May 5, 2016·Animal Cognition·Trix CacchioneHannes Rakoczy
Mar 2, 2019·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Cognitive Science·Hannes Rakoczy, Trix Cacchione
Sep 27, 2018·Learning & Behavior·Stephen E G Lea, Britta Osthaus
Nov 14, 2018·Learning & Behavior·Julia Belger, Juliane Bräuer
Dec 26, 2019·Scientific Reports·Amalia P M Bastos, Alex H Taylor
Sep 19, 2020·Science·Elias Garcia-PelegrinNicola S Clayton
Sep 1, 2021·History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences·Santiago Ginnobili, Andrea Soledad Olmos
Aug 31, 2021·Royal Society Open Science·Alexandra K SchnellNicola S Clayton
Apr 8, 2021·Psychological Science·Amalia P M BastosAlex H Taylor
Dec 22, 2021·Biology Letters·Christoph J Völter, Ludwig Huber

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