The management of diabetic ketoacidosis at a rural regional hospital in KwaZulu-Natal

African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine
Nontobeko F M Ndebele, Mergan Naidoo

Abstract

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a biochemical triad of hyperglycaemia, ketoacidosis and ketonaemia and one of the potentially life-threatening acute metabolic complications of diabetes mellitus. This study aimed at describing the clinical profile of patients presenting with DKA to a busy rural regional hospital in KwaZulu-Natal. A retrospective review of clinical notes of patients presenting with DKA to the Emergency Department was performed over a 10-month period. Data included patients' demographic profile, clinical presentation, precipitating factors, comorbidities, biochemical profile, length of hospital stay and outcome. One hundred and five black South African patients above the age of 12 years were included in the study. Sixty-four (60.95%) patients had type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and 41 (39.05%) patients had type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients with T2DM were significantly older than those with T1DM (52.1 ± 12.4 years vs. 24.4 ± 9.5 years, p < 0.0001). The acute precipitant was identified in 68 (64.76%) cases with the commonest precipitant in T1DM patients being poor adherence to treatment, whereas in T2DM, the most common precipitant was infection. Nausea and vomiting were the most common presenting symptoms wi...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 29, 2020·Frontiers in Medicine·Todd S IngAntonios H Tzamaloukas
Mar 14, 2021·Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice·Mohsen S EledrisiRayaz A Malik
Jan 1, 2018·International Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Yair SapersteinSamy I McFarlane

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