The marine mammal dive response is exercise modulated to maximize aerobic dive duration.

Journal of Comparative Physiology. A, Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology
R W Davis, Terrie M Williams

Abstract

When aquatically adapted mammals and birds swim submerged, they exhibit a dive response in which breathing ceases, heart rate slows, and blood flow to peripheral tissues and organs is reduced. The most intense dive response occurs during forced submersion which conserves blood oxygen for the brain and heart, thereby preventing asphyxiation. In free-diving animals, the dive response is less profound, and energy metabolism remains aerobic. However, even this relatively moderate bradycardia seems diametrically opposed to the normal cardiovascular response (i.e., tachycardia and peripheral vasodilation) during physical exertion. As a result, there has been a long-standing paradox regarding how aquatic mammals and birds exercise while submerged. We hypothesized based on cardiovascular modeling that heart rate must increase to ensure adequate oxygen delivery to active muscles. Here, we show that heart rate (HR) does indeed increase with flipper or fluke stroke frequency (SF) during voluntary, aerobic dives in Weddell seals (HR = 1.48SF - 8.87) and bottlenose dolphins (HR = 0.99SF + 2.46), respectively, two marine mammal species with different evolutionary lineages. These results support our hypothesis that marine mammals maintain aer...Continue Reading

References

Nov 1, 1979·Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology·W M ZapolP W Hochachka
Feb 1, 1976·Acta Physiologica Scandinavica·A S BlixA Bergan
Sep 1, 1992·Critical Care Medicine·H O SoiniK A Höckerstedt
Jan 1, 1991·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·T M WilliamsD A Croll
Jan 1, 1990·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·P J PonganisD A Croll
Oct 1, 1986·Journal of Applied Physiology·J QvistW M Zapol
Sep 1, 1972·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. A, Comparative Physiology·G L Kooyman, W B Campbell
Apr 20, 1973·Nature·H L StoneJ M Chandler
Nov 1, 1973·Respiration Physiology·D Kerem, R Elsner
Sep 1, 1973·Comparative and General Pharmacology·F N WhiteR W Elsner
Oct 1, 1995·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology·P W HochachkaW M Zapol
Oct 1, 1995·Journal of Applied Physiology·G P GuytonW M Zapol
Jan 1, 1997·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·P J PonganisL N Starke
Jul 1, 1997·Physiological Reviews·P J Butler, D R Jones
Apr 17, 2001·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·S R NorenJ L Dearolf
Sep 13, 1957·Science·H LEIVESTADP F SCHOLANDER
Dec 1, 1963·Scientific American·P F SCHOLANDER
May 23, 1964·Nature·R W ELSNERR L VANCITTERS
Feb 10, 2004·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Terrie M WilliamsRandall W Davis
Jul 5, 1957·Science·G Dus

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Oct 16, 2013·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Randall W Davis
Dec 9, 2015·Journal of Veterinary Cardiology : the Official Journal of the European Society of Veterinary Cardiology·M DassisE Castro
Oct 28, 2015·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology·Iris Del Castillo Velasco-MartínezTania Zenteno-Savín
Oct 1, 2016·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·David A S RosenAndrew W Trites
Nov 3, 2016·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Monique A LaddsRobert G Harcourt
Dec 9, 2017·Science·Terrie M WilliamsMads Peter Heide-Jørgensen
Feb 9, 2017·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Michael S TiftPaul J Ponganis
Apr 21, 2017·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Paul J PonganisCassondra L Williams
May 19, 2018·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Jeppe KaczmarekPeter T Madsen
Apr 3, 2019·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Cassondra L WilliamsPaul J Ponganis
Jan 17, 2015·Nature Communications·Terrie M WilliamsRandall W Davis
Nov 11, 2017·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Birgitte I McDonaldPeter T Madsen
Nov 27, 2019·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J A GoldbogenP J Ponganis
Feb 27, 2020·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Birgitte I McDonaldPaul J Ponganis
Sep 4, 2015·Physiology·Terrie M WilliamsRandall W Davis
Jan 1, 2015·Conservation Physiology·Elizabeth T GoundieAndrew W Trites
Oct 18, 2019·Frontiers in Physiology·Kaitlin N Allen, José Pablo Vázquez-Medina
Jun 26, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·W Michael Panneton, Qi Gan
Mar 21, 2019·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Allyson G HindleEmmanuel S Buys
Dec 2, 2020·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Ashley M BlawasAndreas Fahlman
May 3, 2014·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Birgitte I McDonald, Paul J Ponganis
Jul 28, 2012·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Shawn R NorenTerrie M Williams
Jun 15, 2021·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Cassondra L Williams, Paul J Ponganis
Aug 21, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·Paul J Ponganis
Nov 11, 2021·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Birgitte I McDonaldPeter T Madsen

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are slow heart rates. Symptoms may include syncope, dizziness, fatigure, shortness of breath, and chest pains. Find the latest research on bradyarrhythmias here.

Related Papers

Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology
R W Davis
Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology
Beth L YoungAndrew W Trites
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peter W HochachkaW M Zapol
Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology
N L Deacon, J P Y Arnould
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved