The Maternal Maverick/GDF15-like TGF-β Ligand Panda Directs Dorsal-Ventral Axis Formation by Restricting Nodal Expression in the Sea Urchin Embryo

PLoS Biology
Emmanuel HaillotThierry Lepage

Abstract

Specification of the dorsal-ventral axis in the highly regulative sea urchin embryo critically relies on the zygotic expression of nodal, but whether maternal factors provide the initial spatial cue to orient this axis is not known. Although redox gradients have been proposed to entrain the dorsal-ventral axis by acting upstream of nodal, manipulating the activity of redox gradients only has modest consequences, suggesting that other factors are responsible for orienting nodal expression and defining the dorsal-ventral axis. Here we uncover the function of Panda, a maternally provided transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) ligand that requires the activin receptor-like kinases (Alk) Alk3/6 and Alk1/2 receptors to break the radial symmetry of the embryo and orient the dorsal-ventral axis by restricting nodal expression. We found that the double inhibition of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptors Alk3/6 and Alk1/2 causes a phenotype dramatically more severe than the BMP2/4 loss-of-function phenotype, leading to extreme ventralization of the embryo through massive ectopic expression of nodal, suggesting that an unidentified signal acting through BMP type I receptors cooperates with BMP2/4 to restrict nodal express...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 27, 2017·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution·Chisato KitazawaAkira Yamanaka
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Apr 17, 2018·Nucleic Acids Research·Héloïse ChasséJulia Morales
Mar 14, 2021·Development·Shunji Jia, Anming Meng

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
KF498642
KF498643

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
antisense oligonucleotide
nuclear translocation
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

PhyML
Quantity One
ClustalOmega
Bayes3
Mega
Lefty

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