The mechanisms and safety of probiotics against toxigenic clostridium difficile.

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy
Dianbin LiuYanxia Wei

Abstract

Toxigenic Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is the main cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and can induce pseudomembranous colitis and infrequent toxic megacolon, which are potentially fatal. The standard antibiotic therapy for C. difficile infection (CDI) is limited by antibiotics' broad spectrum and further disruptive effects on indigenous microbiota. Probiotics may offer a prospective and alternative strategy for the prevention and treatment of CDI. In this article, the mechanisms implying the probiotic effect against C. difficile and the safety profile highlighting the patient groups with inappropriate application of probiotics were reviewed from 2015 to 2020. Although many strains with ability against C. difficile have been reported, the usage of probiotics for CDI prevention and/or treatment is scarce since the number of clinical trials is not sufficient to prove probiotics' efficacy and safety in CDI treatment, especially for premature infant and immunocompromised patient. Especially, there are few well-defined clinical studies supporting safety of probiotics for CDI. A few strains from Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces genus have been studied more extensively than other probiotic strains through clinical trials fo...Continue Reading

References

Feb 1, 2002·The New England Journal of Medicine·John G Bartlett
Jul 12, 2002·The New England Journal of Medicine·Phillip Periman
Sep 16, 2003·Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases·E SimelyteP Toivanen
Nov 5, 2003·International Journal of Food Microbiology·F H Kayser
Dec 3, 2005·The New England Journal of Medicine·L Clifford McDonaldDale N Gerding
Oct 31, 2008·Journal of Digestive Diseases·Dheeraj MohaniaHariom Yadav
Mar 28, 2009·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Gareth C ParkesKevin Whelan
Jun 17, 2009·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Maja RupnikDale N Gerding
Feb 18, 2011·Gut Microbes·Mary Ellen SandersElaine Vaughan
Aug 19, 2011·Gut·Claude Matuchansky
Dec 3, 2011·International Journal of Food Microbiology·Zhuo-Yang ZhangXiao-Kui Guo
Feb 22, 2012·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Yan-Xia WeiXiao-Kui Guo
Oct 23, 2012·Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery : Official Journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract·David B StewartJohn Hegarty
Dec 12, 2012·The Journal of Dairy Research·Patricia Araceli BollaGraciela Liliana De Antoni
Apr 25, 2013·The Journal of Dairy Research·Fernando M TrejoPablo F Pérez
Oct 15, 2013·Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·S B DebastUNKNOWN European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Jan 7, 2014·Lancet·Andre C Kalil, Trevor C Schooneveld
Feb 8, 2014·Gastroenterology·Robert A Britton, Vincent B Young
May 2, 2014·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Chen-Zhang ShiHuan-Long Qin
May 27, 2014·Journal of Dairy Science·B YunM W Griffiths
Jun 12, 2014·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Johan S Bakken
Jul 12, 2014·Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Herbert L DuPont
Dec 5, 2014·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Claire BertelliEric Giannoni

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations


❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Charlesnika T Evans, Stuart Johnson
Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology
Jacob E OllechYehuda Ringel
Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
John P MillsVincent B Young
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Lorena Valdés-VarelaPatricia Ruas-Madiedo
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved