The Middle/Upper Paleolithic interface and the relationship of Neanderthals and early modern humans in the Hrvatsko Zagorje, Croatia

Journal of Human Evolution
I Karavanić, F H Smith

Abstract

This paper presents the first detailed analysis of the artefacts from the Mousterian level G3 at Vindija Cave and a revision of the artefact analysis for the early Upper Paleolithic levels (j, i) at Velika Pećina, both in Croatia. Combined with an assessment of the artefacts from the crucial G1 level at Vindija, results of these analyses are used to argue that the combination of Middle and Upper Paleolithic elements in the upper G complex at Vindija is not necessarily the result of geological mixing but may well represent a natural cultural assemblage. Some Upper Paleolithic elements are possibly derived from the local Mousterian, while others result from extraneous cultural influences into this region. Interestingly, currently available radiocarbon dates indicate that Neanderthals (Vindija level G1) and early modern humans (Velika Pećina) were penecontemporaneous in this region at ca. 33 ka, or perhaps somewhat earlier if the radiocarbon dates are taken as minimum age estimates. Therefore some Upper Paleolithic tools associated with the Vindija G1 Neanderthals, such as bone points, may result from imitation of or trade with early modern people. While there is external influence on the development of the early Upper Paleolithic...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 13, 2006·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Tom HighamErik Trinkaus
Oct 27, 1999·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·F H SmithM Paunovic
Jan 1, 2010·Journal of Human Evolution·Antonio Rosas, Cayetana Martinez-Maza
Oct 22, 2008·Journal of Human Evolution·Olaf Jöris, Martin Street
Oct 25, 2006·Journal of Human Evolution·Philip G ChaseJean-François Tournepiche
Feb 21, 2006·Journal of Human Evolution·Shara E Bailey, Jean-Jacques Hublin
May 17, 2000·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·S E Churchill, F H Smith
Nov 15, 2006·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Rainer Grün
Sep 7, 2017·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Thibaut DevièseTom Higham
Jan 10, 2001·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·A Rosas
Oct 5, 2017·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jean-Jacques Hublin
Apr 30, 2017·Science·Viviane SlonMatthias Meyer
Dec 31, 2003·Journal of Human Evolution·James C M AhernFred H Smith

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