The minimally effective dosages of nitenpyram and thiamethoxam seed treatments against aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover) and their potential exposure risks to honeybees (Apis mellifera)

The Science of the Total Environment
Jiangong JiangWei Mu

Abstract

Neonicotinoid seed coatings have been used as a major method to control seedling pests, especially the cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover), around the world. However, their negative influence on natural enemies and pollinators has been criticized for decades. The present study was designed to compare the efficacy of nitenpyram and thiamethoxam for A. gossypii control, impacts on natural enemies and their potential risks to honeybees. Investigations in two locations in China revealed that the seed treatment with nitenpyram at a dosage of 3 g a.i. kg-1 seed could effectively control A. gossypii throughout the seedling stage. In addition, Nitenpyram at the dosage of 2 g a.i. kg-1 seed did not significantly change present number of the 7-spot ladybeetles in fields, compared with thiamethoxam treatments and blank control. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was utilized to identify and quantify the residue dynamics and transformation of parental and metabolite products in pollen and leaves. On the basis of residue data, the first-tier risk assessment disclosed that nitenpyram applied at doses of 2, 3 and 4 g a.i. kg-1 seed might result in relative lower potential exposure risks to honeybees wh...Continue Reading

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