The Mirror to Our Soul? Comparisons of Spontaneous and Posed Vocal Expression of Emotion

Journal of Nonverbal Behavior
P N JuslinTanja Bänziger

Abstract

It has been the subject of much debate in the study of vocal expression of emotions whether posed expressions (e.g., actor portrayals) are different from spontaneous expressions. In the present investigation, we assembled a new database consisting of 1877 voice clips from 23 datasets, and used it to systematically compare spontaneous and posed expressions across 3 experiments. Results showed that (a) spontaneous expressions were generally rated as more genuinely emotional than were posed expressions, even when controlling for differences in emotion intensity, (b) there were differences between the two stimulus types with regard to their acoustic characteristics, and (c) spontaneous expressions with a high emotion intensity conveyed discrete emotions to listeners to a similar degree as has previously been found for posed expressions, supporting a dose-response relationship between intensity of expression and discreteness in perceived emotions. Our conclusion is that there are reliable differences between spontaneous and posed expressions, though not necessarily in the ways commonly assumed. Implications for emotion theories and the use of emotion portrayals in studies of vocal expression are discussed.

References

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Feb 1, 1993·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·I R Murray, J L Arnott
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Aug 6, 2013·Frontiers in Psychology·Petri LaukkaNutankumar S Thingujam

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Citations

Jan 4, 2020·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Roza G KamiloğluDisa A Sauter
Jun 4, 2019·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Henrik Nordström, Petri Laukka
Dec 14, 2018·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Irena YanushevskayaAilbhe Ní Chasaide
Mar 24, 2021·Cognition·Louise Goupil, Jean-Julien Aucouturier

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCA

Software Mentioned

nparcomp R - package
asbio R - package
Media Lab
openSMILE
paran
Geneva Minimalistic Acoustic Parameter Set ( GeMAPS
GeMAPS
R

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