The molecular diagnosis of hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences
Chi-Hang WongM A Feitelson

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. The pathogenesis of HBV-associated HCC has been studied extensively, and molecular changes during malignant transformation have been identified. It has been proposed that the insertion of HBV DNA into the human genome results in chromosomal instability and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. Transactivation of oncogenes, inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, and alteration of the cell cycle by HBV proteins are also involved in the progression of hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Traditional clinical examinations of HCC, such as biopsy, computer tomography, ultrasonic imaging, and detection of such biomarkers as a-fetoprotein, are currently the "gold standard" in diagnosis. These tests diagnose HCC only in the late stages of disease. This limitation has greatly reduced the chance of survival of HCC patients. To resolve this problem, new biomarkers that can diagnose HCC in earlier stages are necessary. Based on recent molecular studies of the effects of HBV on cellular transformation, differentially expressed biomarkers of HBV infection have been elucidated. With the analyses of the HBV replication profile, the viral load (HBV DNA...Continue Reading

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Dec 1, 2007·Gut and Liver·Neung Hwa ParkYoung-Hwa Chung
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Jul 17, 2021·Biomarkers : Biochemical Indicators of Exposure, Response, and Susceptibility to Chemicals·Huiying ZhangDaojun Chen

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