The more the merrier? Increasing group size may be detrimental to decision-making performance in nominal groups

PloS One
Ofra AmirKobi Gal

Abstract

Demonstrability-the extent to which group members can recognize a correct solution to a problem-has a significant effect on group performance. However, the interplay between group size, demonstrability and performance is not well understood. This paper addresses these gaps by studying the joint effect of two factors-the difficulty of solving a problem and the difficulty of verifying the correctness of a solution-on the ability of groups of varying sizes to converge to correct solutions. Our empirical investigations use problem instances from different computational complexity classes, NP-Complete (NPC) and PSPACE-complete (PSC), that exhibit similar solution difficulty but differ in verification difficulty. Our study focuses on nominal groups to isolate the effect of problem complexity on performance. We show that NPC problems have higher demonstrability than PSC problems: participants were significantly more likely to recognize correct and incorrect solutions for NPC problems than for PSC problems. We further show that increasing the group size can actually decrease group performance for some problems of low demonstrability. We analytically derive the boundary that distinguishes these problems from others for which group perfo...Continue Reading

References

Oct 1, 1985·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology·M R CallawayJ K Esser
May 3, 2006·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology·Patrick R LaughlinLee Boh
Jan 25, 2012·Cognitive Science·Sheng Kung Michael YiMatthew J Dry
Apr 21, 2012·Science·Asher Koriat

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