The myxovirus-resistance protein, MX1, is a component of exosomes secreted by uterine epithelial cells

American Journal of Reproductive Immunology : AJRI
Karen RacicotTroy L Ott

Abstract

Dairy cattle suffer from high percentages of early embryonic loss, and therefore, it is critical to study the function of the uterus at this time. We hypothesize that the antiviral protein, myxovirus resistance (MX)1, regulates secretion in uterine glandular cells during early pregnancy. Uterine epithelial cells were used to study uterine function, in vitro. Sucrose gradients, Western blotting, and transmission electron microscopy were used to isolate and identify exosomes. Immunofluorescence and ceramide inhibitors were used for the characterization of exosomes. Myxovirus resistance1 was associated with exosomes and protected from proteases, indicating it was inside exosomes. MX1 partially colocalized with exosomal protein CD63, and a ceramide inhibitor reduced numbers of MX1-associated exosomes. This study is the first to characterize MX1-associated exosomes, and we postulate that MX1 regulates secretion in epithelial cells by playing a role in exosome formation or trafficking.

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Citations

Mar 13, 2014·PloS One·Gregory BurnsThomas E Spencer
Oct 27, 2015·The Journal of Reproduction and Development·Takahiro ShirozuMasashi Takahashi
Jun 17, 2014·Traffic·Florian HoffRalf Jacob
Dec 21, 2014·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·Irene Ruiz-GonzálezFuller W Bazer
Aug 4, 2016·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·Florine C MartinGeoff Shaw
Jan 29, 2016·Biology of Reproduction·Gregory W BurnsThomas E Spencer
Jan 1, 2016·Reproduction, Fertility, and Development·T E SpencerP Lonergan
Jan 19, 2018·Biology of Reproduction·Gregory W BurnsThomas E Spencer
Feb 15, 2020·Biology of Reproduction·Eleanore V O'NeilThomas E Spencer
Aug 6, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Keigo NakamuraKazuhiko Imakawa
Jun 24, 2016·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·Eduardo S RibeiroWilliam W Thatcher
Mar 14, 2020·Theriogenology·Eleanore V O'NeilThomas E Spencer

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