The N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist memantine has no neuroprotective effect during hypothermic circulatory arrest: a study in the chronic porcine model

The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
J RimpiläinenT Juvonen

Abstract

Glutamate excitotoxicity has an important role in the development of brain injury after prolonged hypothermic circulatory arrest. The goal of the present study was to determine the potential efficacy of memantine, an N -methyl-D -aspartate receptor antagonist, to mitigate cerebral injury after hypothermic circulatory arrest. Twenty pigs (23-33 kg) were randomly assigned to receive memantine (5 mg/kg) or placebo in a blinded fashion before a 75-minute period of hypothermic circulatory arrest at 20 degrees C. Hemodynamic, electroencephalographic, and metabolic monitoring were carried out. The intracerebral concentrations of glucose, lactate, glutamate, and glycerol were measured by means of enzymatic methods on a microdialysis analyzer. Daily behavioral assessment was performed until the animals died or were put to death on day 7. Histologic analysis of the brain was carried out in all animals. In the memantine group, 5 of 10 animals survived 7 days compared with 9 of 10 in the placebo group. The median behavioral score at day 7 was 3.5 in the memantine group and 7.5 in the placebo group (P >.2). Among the surviving animals, medians were 9.0 and 8.0 on day 7 (P >.2), respectively. The medians of recovered electroencephalographic ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 31, 2002·Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal : SCJ·A MennanderT Juvonen
Mar 27, 2003·The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery·Pekka RomsiTatu Juvonen
Jan 28, 2010·The Annals of Thoracic Surgery·Elaine E TsengWilliam A Baumgartner
Nov 24, 2016·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Aida SalamehNorbert Klein
Sep 16, 2003·International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry·Stefan BleichJohannes Kornhuber
Jul 26, 2003·Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal : SCJ·Matti PokelaTatu Juvonen
Jan 24, 2004·Anesthesiology·Tadaomi A Miyamoto, Koho J Miyamoto

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