The Natural Agonist of Estrogen Receptor β Silibinin Plays an Immunosuppressive Role Representing a Potential Therapeutic Tool in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Frontiers in Immunology
Maria Luisa DupuisMarina Pierdominici

Abstract

Estrogens, in particular 17β-estradiol (E2), have a strong influence on the immune system and also affect pathological conditions such as autoimmune diseases. The biological effects of E2 are mediated by two intracellular receptors, i.e., estrogen receptor (ER)α and ERβ, which function as ligand-activated nuclear transcription factors producing genomic effects. Immune cells express both ERα and ERβ that play a complex role in modulating inflammation. Phytoestrogens display estrogen-like effects. Among them, silibinin, the major active constituent of silymarin extracted by the milk thistle (Silybum marianum), has been suggested to have an ERβ selective binding. Silibinin is known to have anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and anticarcinogenic effects; however, the role of silibinin in modulating human immune responses and its impact on autoimmunity remains unclear. Aim of this study was to dissect the ability of the ERβ natural ligand silibinin to modulate T cell immunity, taking into account possible differences between females and males, and to define its possible role as therapeutic tool in immune-mediated diseases. To this purpose, female and age-matched male healthy subjects and patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 15, 2020·Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research·Zhengming YangHuimin Tao
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Nov 3, 2020·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·Xiao-Yu SongTakashi Ikejima

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
density-gradient centrifugation
flow cytometry
FACS
PCR
transfection
PMA

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism
Cell Quest Pro
GraphPad
Primer3Plus

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